火炮身管疲劳损伤及其健康监测研究

Fatigue behavior and safety evaluation of gun barrel

利用自主研制的准静态循环加载和动态冲击加载试验装置,开展了有初始裂纹的火炮身管在不同发射条件下的裂纹扩展和疲劳行为研究。试验结果表明,载荷大小,射弹发数,加载速率和应变率等对身管的裂纹扩展速率与疲劳寿命有着重要影响。试验中应用了基于局部应变的身管健康监测方法,通过测量身管外壁面的应变对其健康状态进行监测。结果表明,裂纹扩展导致外壁面周向应变发生变化,当外壁面应变值急增时身管内壁裂纹发生快速扩展,此时应立即停止加载避免断裂现象的发生。

In the process of gun firing,the barrel is easy to produce fatigue damage,which affects its life and firing safety.The crack propagation and fatigue behavior of a tube with initial crack under different firing conditions were studied by using the quasi-static cyclic loading and dynamic impact loading test equipment developed by ourselves.The test results show that load size,projectile number,loading rate and strain rate have important effects on crack growth rate and fatigue life of barrel.The health monitoring method based on local strain was applied in the experiment,and the health status of the barrel was monitored by measuring the strain of the outer wall of the barrel.The results show that the circumferential strain of the outer wall changes due to the crack growth.When the strain value of the outer wall increases sharply,the crack in the inner wall of the tube expands rapidly,and the loading should be stopped immediately to avoid the fracture.