三种干奶药对奶牛乳房炎在干奶期的治疗、预防效果比较

Comparative Efficacy of Three Antibiotic Products for Treatment and Prevention of Mastitis During Dry Period

奶牛生产中往往通过干奶期治疗消除乳房在上个泌乳期已存在的感染、预防产后新发感染。干奶期的治疗能使乳房有机会在下一个泌乳期到来之前修复受损的乳腺组织,降低产后临床型乳房炎的发病率。本试验旨在比较三种不同成分的干奶药——盐酸头孢噻呋乳房注入剂(干奶期)(RC)、复方普鲁卡因青霉素-萘夫西林钠-硫酸双氢链霉素乳房注入剂(干奶期)(NF)、邻氯青霉素乳房注入剂(干奶期)(AB)的安全性、对干奶期隐性乳房炎治疗效果和产后新发临床乳房炎预防效果、弃奶期以及经济效益,以期为临床干奶药选择提供依据。结果表明,①RC的安全性较好;②三种干奶药对干奶期隐性乳房炎治疗和细菌清除效果无显著差异;③AB预防产后新发感染效果最好;④NF弃奶期最短;⑤AB经济效益最好,对各项综合评分,RC为4分,AB为6分,NF为5分,因此在临床干奶期治疗中首选邻氯青霉素乳房注入剂(干奶期),针对提高新产牛产奶的商品率,可选用复方普鲁卡因青霉素-萘夫西林钠-硫酸双氢链霉素乳房注入剂(干奶期),针对干奶环境略差的牧场可考虑选用盐酸头孢噻呋乳房注入剂(干奶期)。

The dry period of dairy cows is an important period to eliminate the existing infection in the last lactation and prevent new infection after calving.The treatment of dry period can give the chance to repair damaged udder tissue before the next lactation and reduce the rate of new infection.The aim of this study is to compare the safety,therapeutic and prophylactic effects,milk abandonment period and economic benefit of three specially formulated products(dry period):a product containing nafcillin,procaine benzylpenicillin and dihydrostreptomycin(NF),another product containing cloxacillin(AB)and a third product containing ceftiofur hydrochloride(RC),in order to provide the selection basis for antibiotics during dry period.The results show that:①RC has better safety;②The therapeutic and bacterial clearance effects among three antibiotics has no significant difference;③AB has a best preventive effect;④The milk abandonment period of NF is the shortest;⑤AB has a best economic benefit.Comprehensive score for each product is 4 of RC,5 of NF,6 of AB.Therefore,the first choice for the treatment of dry period is AB,for improving the commodity rate of fresh cows could choose NF and RC for the slightly poor perinatal period environment.