奶牛血乳症的病因、诊断与治疗方法

Diagnosis and Treatment of Haemolactia in Dairy Cows

奶牛乳房内部组织血管破裂、血液混入乳汁的现象被称为血乳症。通常发生于产后,有诱发乳房炎的风险。该症患牛一般2周内可以自愈,其他情况下需要立即治疗,否则会影响产奶量。病因有渗出性出血、全身性感染、血小板缺乏、摄入含天然毒素植物、粗暴性挤奶或奶牛罹患坏血病、酮症、乳房炎等疾病。生产实践中可通过观察法、血小板计数、SFMT法进行诊断,利用钙剂、血管收缩剂、凝血剂、抗氧化剂、抗生素进行治疗。

The phenomenon of rupture of blood vessels in a cow’s breast tissues and mixing of blood into milk is called haemolactia.The occurrence of bloody milk is usually after calving and could induce mastitis.It naturally disappears within two weeks.In other conditions,immediate treatment is required,otherwise it could affect the quantity of milk.The causes of haemolactia include hemorrhage,systemic microbial infection,thrombocytopenia,ingestion of plants containing natural toxins,rough milking,vitamin C deficiency,ketosis,mastitis and other diseases.Usually,haemolactia could be diagnosed by observation,blood platelet count and SFMT method.There are several treatment methods available for haemolactia,including calcium,vasoconstrictors,coagulants,antioxidants and antibiotics.