南海航路测量水位控制关键技术研究

Research on key technology of water level control in South China Sea navigation route

大跨度、离岸远的航路测量是海事测绘的重点课题,水位控制是航路水深测量中的难点。为提高航路测量水位控制精度,结合粤东、珠江口、涠洲岛附近水域航路测量水位控制实例,总结了航路测量水位控制的3个关键技术:数学模型构建、布站方案设计、质量控制及精度评估。结果表明:从传递方法、基准站、水位时段3个方面评估平均海面、深度基准面的传递精度更合理;余水位订正法、最小二乘曲线拟合法水位改正精度差异小,改正中误差在水深主检比对中误差之内;余水位订正法可降低潮位控制成本和难度,为离岸远的航路测量提供了备选方案。

Long-span,offshore route surveying is a key subject of maritime surveying and mapping,and water level control is a difficult point in route surveying.In order to improve the accuracy of airway measurement water level control,combined with the examples of water level control for airway measurement in the waters near East Guangdong,the Pearl River Estuary,and Weizhou Island,three key technologies for airway measurement water level control are summarized:mathematical model construction,station layout design,quality control and Accuracy assessment.The results showthat it is more reasonable to evaluate the transfer accuracy of the average sea level and the depth reference level from the three aspects of transfer method,reference station,and water level period;the residual water level correction method and the least square curve fitting method have small water level correction accuracy differences,and the error in the correction lies in the water depth.The main inspection is within the alignment error;the residual water level correction method can reduce the cost and difficulty of tide level control,and provides an alternative solution for the long-distance route measurement.