ICU护士职业性肌肉骨骼疾患与护士执业环境的相关性分析

Correlation analysis between occupational musculoskeletal disorders of ICU nurses and nurses’practice environment

目的了解重症监护病房(ICU)护士职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)现状,并分析其与护士执业环境的关系。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,于2021年1月至3月采用一般人口学调查表、中国肌肉骨骼疾患调查表、护士执业环境调查表对新疆医科大学第一附属医院ICU护士进行问卷调查。结果本研究共发放问卷170份,回收合格问卷158份,有效回收率为92.94%。2021年中,ICU护士WMSDs的年患病率为72.78%,共115例。其中,腰部、颈部、肩部患病率居于前3位,分别为53.16%、43.04%和41.14%。ICU护士执业环境的总体评价得分为(73.86±23.17)分。WMSDs组医院管理参与度、临床护理专业性、领导与沟通、质量管理、内部支持、专业提升、社会地位得分低于非WMSDs组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组医护合作、人力配备、薪酬待遇得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,ICU护士WMSDs的发生与医院管理参与度(r=-0.167)、临床护理专业性(r=-0.183)、领导与沟通(r=-0.181)、质量管理(r=-0.196)、内部支持(r=-0.162)、专业提升(r=-0.181)及社会地位(r=-0.215)呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论ICU护士WMSDs发生率较高,护士执业环境可能对WMSDs的发生产生综合影响,需要进一步调查其影响机制。

Objective To understand the current status of work-related musculoskeletal diseases(WMSDs)among intensive care unit(ICU)nurses and to analyze their relationship with the nurse practice environment.Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among ICU nurses in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January to March 2021 by using a general demographic questionnaire,a Chinese musculoskeletal disorder questionnaire,and a nurse practice environment questionnaire.Results A total of 170 questionnaires were distributed in this study,and 158 qualified questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 92.94%.In 2021,the annual prevalence of WMSDs among ICU nurses was 72.78%,with a total of 115 cases.Among them,the prevalence rates of waist,neck,and shoulder were ranked the top three,which were 53.16%,43.04%,and 41.14%,respectively.The scores of hospital management participation,clinical nursing professionalism,leadership and communication,quality management,internal support,professional improvement,and social status in the WMSDs group were lower than those in the non-WMSDs group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of cooperation,manpower allocation,and remuneration(P>0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the occurrence of WMSDs among ICU nurses was related to hospital management participation(r=-0.167),clinical nursing professionalism(r=-0.183),leadership and communication(r=-0.181),quality management(r=-0.196),internal support(r=-0.162),professional advancement(r=-0.181),and social status(r=-0.215)were negatively correlated(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of WMSDs in ICU nurses is high,and the nurse practice environment may have a comprehensive impact on the occurrence of WMSDs,and further investigation is needed to investigate the mechanism of how it affects WMSDs.