选举供应链:基于区块链的供应链自治框架

Election-based supply chain:a supply chain autonomy framework based on blockchain

区块链与供应链的结合应用是近几年的热门研究课题。区块链的数据可溯源、防篡改、分布式存储等优点可以为供应链提供较好的数据安全保障,而区块链自身的自治属性也为供应链自治提供了可能。区块链的自治主要依赖于共识机制,然而现有共识机制难以实现对供应链自治的良好支持。针对上述问题,提出一种基于委托权益证明(DPoS)的选举型共识机制,并在此基础上构建了一个基于区块链的供应链自制框架:选举供应链(ESC)。在ESC中,先根据节点参与的智能合约活动计算其信用分,然后从博弈论的角度分析ESC下节点的活跃度和信用分数对其权益的影响。最后,通过定理证明与仿真实验验证了该机制对节点具有良好的激励作用,能有效抑制理性节点支付的最大交易费用,且抑制的力度会随着代表数量的增加而增大。

The combination of blockchain and supply chain is a popular research topic in recent years.The advantages of blockchain such as data traceability,tamper proof and distributed storage can guarantee good data security for supply chain,while the autonomy property of blockchain also provides possibility of supply chain autonomy.The autonomy of blockchain mainly depends on consensus mechanism,but the existing consensus mechanism is difficult to realize good support for supply chain autonomy.To solve the above problems,an election-based consensus mechanism based on Delegated Proof of Stake(DPoS)was proposed,and on this basis,a self-made framework of supply chain based on blockchain was constructed,namely Election-based Supply Chain(ESC).In ESC,the credit score of a node was first calculated according to the smart contract activities participated in by this node.Then,from the perspective of game theory,the influences of node active degree and credit score on stake under ESC were analyzed.Finally,theorem proving and simulation experiments verify that the proposed mechanism has a good incentive effect on nodes and can effectively inhibit the maximum transaction cost paid by rational nodes,and the inhibition increasing with the increase of the number of delegates.