镉与微量元素在小麦吸收过程中的相互影响

Interaction between cadmium and trace elements in the wheat absorption process

为开发小麦生理阻控降Cd材料,以郑麦1354和郑麦1860为供试小麦品种,通过水培试验方法,研究了不同Zn(1~10μmol·L^(-1))和Mn(1~10μmol·L^(-1))供应量对小麦生物量和Cd/Zn/Mn含量的影响,以及不同Cd(1~50μmol·L^(-1))胁迫水平对小麦生物量和Cd/Zn/Mn含量的影响。结果表明,5μmol·L^(-1) Zn和10μmol·L^(-1) Mn处理显著提高了两种小麦的生物量。Mn(1~10μmol·L^(-1))处理使郑麦1354和郑麦1860小麦地上部Cd含量分别降低了22.8%~29.4%和15.2%~17.5%,地下部Cd含量分别降低了25.7%~30.0%和28.6%~31.6%,Zn(1~10μmol·L^(-1))处理使郑麦1354和郑麦1860小麦地下部Cd含量分别降低了20.3%~34.3%和18.9%~43.0%,此外还使郑麦1354地上部的Cd含量降低了10.1%~13.1%。不同Cd胁迫(1~50μmol·L^(-1))均有提高小麦生物量的趋势。随着Cd胁迫水平的提高,两个品种地上部和地下部Cd含量均呈升高趋势,地下部Zn含量呈先增加后降低的趋势,Mn含量呈逐渐降低的趋势,表明在小麦吸收金属元素过程中,Cd与Mn存在竞争关系,而与Zn的关系则较为复杂,且其竞争程度因品种而异。研究表明,适度提高Mn和Zn供应能显著降低小麦植株Cd含量,因此Mn和Zn是实现小麦降Cd的有效生理阻控材料。

To develop wheat physiological resistance control and Cadmium(Cd)reduction materials,the effects of different Zinc(Zn)(1~10μmol·L^(-1)) and manganese(Mn)(1~10μmol·L^(-1)) concentrations on wheat biomass and the Cd/Zn/Mn content were studied using hydroponic experiments with Zhengmai 1354 and Zhengmai 1860 wheat varieties.The effects of different Cd(1~50μmol·L^(-1)) stress levels on wheat biomass and Cd/Zn/Mn uptake were examined.The results showed that the 5μmol·L^(-1) Zn and 10μmol·L^(-1) Mn treatments significantly increased the biomass of the two types of wheat.The Mn(1~10μmol·L^(-1)) treatment reduced the Cd content in the aboveground parts of Zhengmai 1354 and Zhengmai 1860 by 22.8%~29.4%and 15.2%~17.5%,respectively,and reduced the Cd content in the underground parts by 25.7%~30.0%and 28.6%~31.6%,respectively.The Zn(1~10μmol·L^(-1)) treatment reduced the Cd content in the underground parts of Zhengmai 1354 and Zhengmai 1860 by 20.3%~34.3%and 18.9%~43.0%,respectively,and reduced the Cd content in the aboveground parts of Zhengmai 1354 by 10.1%~13.1%.Different cadmium stress(1~50μmol·L^(-1)) tended to increase the wheat biomass.As the Cd stress level increased,the Cd content in the aboveground and underground parts of both plant varieties increased,the Zn content in the underground parts decreased after first increasing,and the Mn content gradually decreased.The results showed that there was a competitive relationship between Cd and Mn,and the relationship between Cd and Zn was more complex.Moreover,moderately increasing the supply of Mn and Zn significantly reduced the Cd content in wheat plants.Therefore,Mn and Zn are effective physiological resistance control agents for reducing the Cd content in wheat.