马克思“市民社会决定国家”观点的三重维度及当代价值

Three Dimensions and Contemporary Value of Marx’s View of“Civil Society Determines the Country”

“市民社会决定国家”不只是马克思在一般意义上借用费尔巴哈主宾颠倒的方法,对黑格尔关于市民社会与国家关系简单的逻辑否定。要完整准确地理解马克思在《黑格尔法哲学批判》中提出的“市民社会决定国家”这一观点,需要从一个宏观的历史发展视角去把握。除了从历史发生学的维度理解马克思以时间在先的逻辑层面提出的这一观点外,还应该看到马克思在《克罗茨纳赫笔记》中的研究成果,同时也需要梳理马克思思想发展的脉络,从研究成果和思想发展的维度去解读马克思“市民社会决定国家”这一观点。唯有如此,才能准确把握马克思“市民社会决定国家”这一观点的内涵,以及这一观点背后所蕴含的哲学思维对指导处理当前中国的经济社会发展与其他各方面发展关系的价值所在。

The statement“Civil society determines the state”is not a Marx’s copy of Feuerbach’s method of inverting the guest of honor in a general sense to deny Hegel’s simple logic on the relationship between civil society and the state.To fully and accurately understand Marx’s view that civil society determines the state in Hegel’s Critique of Philosophy of Law need a macroscopic historical development perspective.It is necessary to understand Marx’s time-first logical from the perspective of historical genetics,to study Marx’s research in Krocnach Notes,and to sort out development of Marx’s thoughts.Particularly,we need to interpret Marx’s view that“civil society determines the country”in terms of research findings and ideological development,too.Only in this way can we accurately grasp the connotation of Marx’s view and the underlying philosophical thinking,guiding the relationship between China’s current economic development and other social aspects.