动压型机械密封端面液膜相变理论研究进展

Research Progress of Liquid Film Phase Transition Theory on the End Face of Hydrodynamic Mechanical Seals

随着动压型非接触式机械密封应用领域的扩展和运行工况的复杂化,液膜相变成为影响其工作稳定性和可靠性的关键因素之一。针对端面液膜汽化和液膜空化2种相变类型,分析汽化和空化现象的产生机制,介绍常见的几类相变模型,如Thermal Lattice Boltzmann模型和Zwart-Gerber-Belanri模型等,综述端面型槽结构参数和工况参数对液膜相变程度影响规律的研究进展。指出在相变影响的研究方面,目前的研究主要集中在单因素对槽结构参数或工况参数的影响上,而对多因素综合影响的研究还不够深入。提出液膜相变问题未来可能的发展方向:汽化与空化综合作用理论计算模型的创新、极端工况下液膜相变与密封稳定性的关联、相变监测技术的突破。

With the expansion of the application field of dynamic pressure non-contact mechanical seal and the complexity of its operating conditions,the liquid film phase transition has become one of the key factors affecting its working stability and reliability.The generation mechanism of vaporization and cavitation was compared and analyzed for the two phase transition types of end surface liquid film vaporization and liquid film cavitation.Several common types of phase change models were introduced,such as Thermal Lattice Boltzmann model,Zwart-Gerber-Belanri model and so on.The research progress on the influence of the structural parameters and operating parameters of the end groove on the liquid film phase transition was reviewed.In terms of the research on the influence of phase change,it was proposed that the current research mainly focused on the influence of a single factor in the groove structure parameter or working condition parameter,but the research on the comprehensive influence of multiple factors was still relatively simple.The possible development direction of liquid film phase transition is pointed out,such as the innovation of the theoretical calculation model of the comprehensive effect of vaporization and cavitation,the correlation between the phase change of the liquid film and the stability of the seal under extreme conditions,the breakthrough of the phase change monitoring technology.