植物可诱导基因表达系统的研究进展

Research Progress of Plant Inducible Gene Expression System

基因表达是植物分子生物学研究中的主要手段之一,在理论研究和农业应用研究中广泛应用。早期的研究因基础薄弱和工具欠缺,大多使用组成型启动子,如最常用的花椰菜花叶病毒35S启动子,介导基因过表达。随着研究的深入,人们对基因表达的分子生物学有了更多的了解,进而衍生出一些较为成熟的工具。为了更精确地对基因表达的时间、空间和数量进行调控,已发展了多个植物可诱导基因表达系统。根据诱导物的不同,常见的表达系统有四环素诱导、类固醇诱导、乙醇诱导、杀虫剂诱导及铜诱导。这些系统因所使用的因子及组分不同,而各自有不同的工作原理;同时,他们也有明显的共性,即通常含有两个元件,激活元件和响应元件。本研究对上述植物可诱导表达系统的基本组成、工作原理及其特点进行了分析、评述和展望。

Gene expression is one of the major methods in plant molecular biology,which plays important role in theoretical and agricultural application researches.Due to the weak foundation and lack of tools,most of the early studies used constitutive promoters,such as the most commonly used 35S promoter of Cauliflower mosaic virus,to overexpress.With the further researches,people have more understanding of the molecular biology of gene expression,and then derived better and more tools.In order to have spatiotemporal and quantitative fine-tune expression,several inducible gene expression systems have been developed.Classified according to different inducers,the commonly used expression systems are as such,the tetracycline induced,the steroid induced,the ethanol induced,the insecticide induced and the copper induced.These systems have different working principles because of the different factors and components used;at the same time,there are also commonalities in each of them,they are usually composed of two elements,the activation element and the response element.In this study,several plant inducible expression systems were reviewed,and their characteristics were analyzed,reviewed and prospected.