新引品种烟叶成熟过程碳氮代谢分析

Analysis of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism During Tobacco Leaf Maturation of New Introduced Varieties

为探寻新引品种‘云烟105’、‘云烟116’烟叶成熟过程的碳氮代谢及相关酶活性变化规律,为其烟叶成熟提供理论依据,采用连续取样法,研究烟叶成熟过程中主要含氮化合物、碳水化合物及其相关酶活性的动态变化规律。结果表明,随着烟叶的不断成熟,硝酸还原酶活性及质体色素、总氮、蛋白质含量均呈下降趋势,且‘云烟116’变化速率大于‘云烟105’;总糖、还原糖、烟碱含量和碳氮比(糖氮比)均呈逐渐升高趋势,且‘云烟116’变化速率小于‘云烟105’;α-淀粉酶活性和淀粉含量呈先升后降趋势,且‘云烟116’峰值较‘云烟105’提前7 d;两个品种在成熟过程中碳氮代谢及相关酶活性变化的差异导致成熟速度有所不同,继而导致它们的碳氮比(糖氮比)及主要物质含量差异逐渐拉大,到29 d达到极显著。两个品种烟叶成熟过程中碳、氮代谢主要物质及相关酶活性变化规律相似,但含量及变化速率有所不同,‘云烟116’成熟速度稍快于‘云烟105’。

In order to explore the changes of carbon and nitrogen metabolism and related enzyme activities during the ripening of newly introduced varieties’Yunyan105’and’Yunyan116’,and provide a theoretical basis for their tobacco ripening,the dynamic changes of main nitrogen-containing compounds,carbohydrates and related enzymes during tobacco ripening were studied by continuous sampling method.The results showed that the activity of nitrate reductase and the content of plastid pigment,total nitrogen and protein decreased with the continuous maturity of tobacco leaves,and the change rate of’Yunyan116’was higher than that of’Yunyan105’;the contents of total sugar,reducing sugar,nicotine and carbon nitrogen ratio(Sugar nitrogen ratio)increased gradually,and the change rate of’Yunyan116’was lower than that of’Yunyan105’;α-Amylase activity and starch content increased first and then decreased,and the peak value of’Yunyan116’was 7 days earlier than that of’Yunyan105’;the differences of carbon and nitrogen met abolism and related enzyme activities between the two varieties during ripening led to different ripening speed,which led to the gradual widening of the differences in carbon nitrogen ratio(Sugar nitrogen ratio)and main substance content,which reached a very significant level at 29 d.The main substances of carbon and nitrogen metabolism and related enzyme activities of the two varieties during tobacco ripening were similar,but the content and change rate were different.The ripening speed of’Yunyan116’was slightly faster than that of’Yunyan105’.