中等社会的组织力量:《时报》(1904—1911)角色再认识

The Organizational Power of Middle Class:Rethinking of the Role of EasternTimes(1904—1911)

《时报》立志“以言报国”,承继的正是“士人”传统的政治角色,“士”在清末借“中等社会”的新面目体现;由于情势变化,为“持盈保泰”,《时报》“门人”喉舌角色渐趋模糊,但一以贯之的是中等社会“救时”的政治使命;“厚报纸之力”的现实需要促使《时报》追寻“报人”职业角色,但其指向仍是政治意趣,强调报界作为一支独立政治力量的道德义务。《时报》的角色既具有“士”的普遍文化意义,又具有从志士报刊到知识分子报刊过渡的特殊社会学样本意义。

The Eastern Times is determined to“serve the country with words”,inheriting exactly the political role of traditional“scholars”;due to the situational changes,the Eastern Times plays the role of nearly“disciple”as an official mouthpiece,but its consistent motive is“save the time,”the political mission of the middle class.The realistic need of“strengthening the power of newspaper”urges the Eastern Times to pursue the occupational role of‘newspaperman’,but its direction is still of political concerns.The role of the Eastern Times not only possesses the universal cultural significance of“scholar,”but also the special sociological meaning as an example of the transition from a newspaper of honest patriots to an intellectual one.