基于气泵的声管实验及分析

Experiment and Analysis on Acoustic Tube Based on Air Pump

为研究声管的发声频率,进行了实验设计和分析.声管转动发声是由于空气在声管中的流动,考虑实际的实验条件,设计了气泵吹气代替声管转动的实验方式,改变吹气速率并测量发声频率.通过对实验结果的分析发现,此时的声管不符合两端开口即两端为波腹的条件,而是一端波节、一端波腹.声管的发声频率取决于其长度,符合驻波特性,发声时吹气速率与波纹长度须满足共振条件.研究结果有助于对驻波的理解和相关内容的实验设计.

In order to study the sound frequency of the acoustic tube,the experimental design and analysis were carried out.The rotating acoustic tube produces sound is due to the flow of air.Considering the actual experimental conditions,the method of air pump blowing instead of acoustic tube rotation was designed,and the sound frequencies were measured.The results show that the acoustic tube at this time did not meet the condition of opening at both ends,that is,the two ends are antinodes,but one node and one antinode.The harmonic frequency of the acoustic tube depended on its length,meeting the standing wave condition.The blowing rate and the corrugated length must meet the resonance conditions.The results of this paper are helpful to the understanding of standing wave and the teaching design of related contents.