碳中和背景下中国城市绿色发展效率研究

Research on the Green Development Efficiency of Chinese Cities under the Background of Carbon Neutrality

创新性地使用碳中和量作为非期望产出,利用非径向非角度SBM模型与Global Malmquist-Luenberger指数测算绿色发展效率。基于2004—2017年276个地级市面板数据研究发现:传统GTFP核算框架对城市总额碳排放量造成了高估,忽略了城市通过植物碳汇的间接减排方式实现主动环境治理。无论是东中西部地区分组还是五大城市群分组,城市绿色发展存在显著的区域异质性。西部地区城市生态环境综合治理与区域经济绿色转型对于西部城市绿色发展效率提升起到了很大的促进作用。绿色技术进步是提升中国城市绿色全要素生产率的主要因素,并且在考虑碳固量水平后,绿色技术进步对中国城市绿色发展的促进效应更加显著。

This paper innovatively uses carbon neutrality as an undesirable output,and utilizes the SBM model and Global Malmquist-Luenberger index to measure green development efficiency.Based on the panel data from 276 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004 to 2017,this paper finds that the traditional GTFP accounting framework has overestimated the total carbon emissions of cities,ignoring the city’s active environmental governance through the indirect emission reduction of plant carbon sinks.Whether the sample is grouped based on the eastern,central and western regions or the five major urban agglomerations,there exists significant regional heterogeneity in urban green development.The comprehensive management of the urban ecological environment in the western region and the green transformation of the regional economy have greatly promoted the efficiency of green development in western cities.The advancement of green technology is the main factor to improve the green total factor productivity of Chinese cities,and after considering the level of carbon sequestration,the effect of green technological progress on the green development is more significant.