社会救助创新案例特征和影响力的分析

Analysis of the Characteristics and Influence of Social Assistance Innovation Cases

中国社会救助制度进入定型发展新阶段,创新将是推动社会救助制度定型发展的动力。文章对5届全国“社会救助领域创新实践活动”的55个获奖案例进行内容分析和多值集定性比较分析,发现获奖案例在东部地区、县级行政单位和非全国性试点地区占比较大,救助主体以政府和社会力量为主,创新方式丰富,创新内容以“建立健全分层分类的社会救助体系”“深化‘放管服’改革”为主,“促进社会力量参与”逐步受到重视。使获奖案例有高度影响力的条件组合有7种,其中“全国性试点地区”和“县级或乡级行政单位”是重要条件,条件组合“县级或乡级行政单位、东部地区、服务创新”的解释力较高。建议坚持改革创新方向,提升社会救助创新案例的扩散效果;以目标和问题为导向,增强今后社会救助创新案例的引领性。

The social assistance system in China has entered a new stage of formed development,and innovation will be the driving force of social assistance system development.Based on the content analysis and multi-value set qualitative comparative analysis method(mv-QCA)of 55 award-winning cases from the five sessions of"Innovative Practice Activities in the Field of Social Assistance"in China,this paper finds that the award-winning cases are relatively large in the eastern region,county-level administrative units,and non-pilot regions,and the main part of social assistance is mostly government and social forces.Innovation methods are diverse"constructing and improving a layered classification system of social assistance"and"deepening reforms of delegating powers,improving regulation,and strengthening services"are the key innovation contents,while"promoting the participation of social forces"increasingly attracts attention.There are seven combinations of conditions that make the winning cases highly influential,among which"national pilot region"and"county-level or town-level administrative unit"are important conditions,and the combination of"county-level or town-level administrative units,eastern region and service innovation"has high explanatory power.This paper suggests sticking to the direction of reform and innovation to enhance the spread effect of social assistance innovation cases and strengthening future leading of innovative social assistance cases by using the goal and the problem as a guide.