共相研究的心理学进路——迈农的共相学说及其本体论意义

A Psychological Approach to Universal Research:Meinong's Universal Theory and Its Ontological Significance

共相问题是西方哲学关注的重要问题,也曾在哲学史上引起广泛讨论和激烈争论,历史上关于共相的探讨中都牵扯着对本体论问题的回答。然而,各种理论尽管形态各异,却始终无法对共相的困难问题给出令人满意的回答。可喜的是,作为现代哲学革新代表人物的迈农,通过对传统共相问题的梳理和研究,从心理学角度找到了共相研究的新进路,并提出了他基于自己理解的新的共相学说,其中关于抽象、呈现的探究以及各种类型对象的分析,别出心裁又细致全面。这些学说不仅为共相问题的研究提供了新的思路,并且作为迈农的对象理论的重要组成部分,推动了现当代本体论研究的革新,具有重大的本体论意义。

As an important concern of western philosophy,the problem of universals has also caused extensive discussion and fierce debate in the history of philosophy,which involves the answers to the ontological questions.However,various theories,despite their various forms,have been unable to give satisfactory answers to the difficult questions of universalism.The good news is that Meinong,a representative of modern philosophical innovation,has found a new way of universalism research from the psychological point of view by combing and studying the problem of universalism,and put forward his new universalism theory based on his own object theory,in which the exploration of abstraction and presentation and the analysis of various types of objects are ingenious,meticulous and comprehensive.These theories provide not only a new psychological approach for the study of universals,but also an important component of Meinong's object theory to promote the innovation of modern and contemporary ontological research,thus have great ontological significance.