朱有燉道释杂剧简论

On Zhu Youdun’s Buddhist and Taoist Zaju

朱有燉(谥宪王)一生创作31部杂剧,其中道释杂剧13本,道释剧中又以度脱剧、庆赏剧为主。元杂剧辉煌之后,明初杂剧显得黯淡无光,对朱有燉这部分道释剧一直以来更是贬多于褒。但实际上,朱有燉并非只是笨拙地抄袭模仿,他的这部分道释剧在结构模式、艺术特色上也有独特之处。

Zhu Youdun(posthumously known as the King Xian) wrote 31 works of Zaju(a poetic drama flourished in the Yuan Dynasty)during his lifetime,of which 13 were Buddhist and Taoist dramas primarily focusing on Dutuo(saving mankind from the abyss of misery by expounding Buddhist and Taoist doctrine)and Qingshang(offering birthday congratulations to and praying for the emperors and high-ranking dignitaries). With the glory achieved in the Yuan Dynasty,Zaju in the early Ming Dynasty fell into the shade,as a result of which Zhu Youdun’s works of Buddhist and Taoist Zaju had been belittled rather than appreciated. In fact,however,they are unique in the structural patterns and the artistic characteristics instead of being clumsy imitations and plagiaries.