大学教师教学与科研的失衡与纠偏:一个薪酬视角的探讨

The Imbalance and Correction of Teaching and Research of University Teachers:A Salary Perspective

本研究从薪酬视角探究大学教师的教学与科研为什么失衡以及如何纠偏,以教学课时量、教学质量和科研成果为自变量、绩效薪酬为因变量构建回归模型,通过对教学型大学352位教师的调查显示:教学课时量对绩效薪酬没有显著影响,教学质量对绩效薪酬的正向影响在0.05水平上显著,科研成果对绩效薪酬的正向影响在0.01水平上显著。这种薪酬状态源自大学对资源的依赖,它直接导致教师不愿投身教学、较少关注教学质量。为此,根据教学质量实行弹性学费可以增加大学对教学的依赖,提高课时费和优质教学奖励可以激励教师回归教学、积极教学。

The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons why teaching and research is imbalance of university teachers and how to correct it. This study constructs a regression model by using teaching hours, teaching quality and research achievements as independent variables and merit pay as dependent variables. Based on a set of survey data of 353 teachers,this study has carried out a series of statistical analyses. The results show that:(1)The amount of teaching hours has no significant effect on merit pay;(2)The positive effect of teaching quality on merit pay is significant at the level of 0.05;(3)The positive effect of research achievement on merit pay is significant at the level of 0.01. The findings indicate that the status of salary stems from the university’s dependence on resources,which directly leads to teachers’ reluctance to devote themselves to teaching. To increase the university’s dependence on teaching,flexible tuition fees system based on teaching quality can be effective. In this way,universities are able to increase course quantity pay and rewards for quality teaching to motivate faculty to focus on teaching.