ACVR2B、BMPR1A和BMPR1B基因多态性与母猪繁殖性能的相关分析

Correlation of polymorphisms of the ACVR2B,BMPR1A and BMPR1B genes with the reproductive performance of sows

为研究转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)通路中激活素A受体2B(ACVR2B)、骨形态发生蛋白受体1A(BMPR1A)和骨形态发生蛋白受体1B(BMPR1B)基因多态性对母猪繁殖性能的影响,选用大白和长白母猪为试验对象,采用DNA混池测序对猪ACVR2B、BMPR1A和BMPR1B基因多态位点进行筛选,利用GenoPlexs;基于多重PCR的靶向测序基因型分型技术对候选SNPs进行分型,并与经产母猪繁殖性能进行关联性分析。结果显示:ACVR2B基因筛到2个单碱基突变和1个缺失多态,分别为g.23259668T>C、g.23260159(delG)和g.23260324C>T,命名为P1、P2和P3;BMPR1A基因g.87887024-87887026(delTGG)筛到1个缺失多态,命名为P4;BMPR1B基因筛到5个单碱基突变,g.124593852G>A、g.124561254G>C、g.124561098C>T、g.124546851A>G和g.124542062T>C,分别命名为P5、P6、P7、P8和P9。关联结果显示:ACVR2A基因的P1、P2和P3这3个位点完全连锁遗传,与长白母猪出生活仔数和校正21日龄窝重显著相关(P<0.05),与大白母猪校正21日龄窝重显著相关(P<0.05);BMPR1A基因P4位点与长白母猪出生窝重显著相关(P<0.05);BMPR1B基因P5位点与长白母猪总产仔数极显著相关(P<0.01),与出生活仔数显著相关(P<0.05),与大白母猪出生窝重显著相关(P<0.05);P6位点与长白母猪总产仔数显著相关(P<0.05),与大白母猪出生活仔数显著相关(P<0.05);P9位点与大白母猪出生窝重极显著相关(P<0.01),与校正21日龄窝重显著相关(P<0.05)。联合基因型显示:P6-P7的联合基因型与大白母猪出生活仔数和出生窝重显著相关(P<0.05),CGCT组合基因型为优势基因型;P8-P9的联合基因型与大白母猪出生活仔数、出生窝重和校正21日龄窝重显著相关(P<0.05),GGTC组合基因型为出生活仔数和出生窝重的优势基因型,GGCC组合基因型为校正21日龄窝重的优势基因。结论:本研究筛选的9个位点对母猪的繁殖性能存在影响,可作为潜在的遗传标记,为猪分子育种提供参考,并推测BMPR1B基因可作为母猪产仔性能的主效基因。

To study the effect of the polymorphisms of the activin A receptor 2 B(ACVR2 B),bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1 A(BMPR1 A)and bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1 B(BMPR1 B)genes in the TGF-βpathway on the reproductive performance of sows,Large White and Landrace sows were selected as test subjects,and the polymorphisms of the porcine ACVR2 B,BMPR1 A and BMPR1 B genes were screened by DNA pool sequencing,and candidate SNPs were identified using GenoPlexs;multiplex PCR-based targeted sequencing genotyping technology for genotyping and analyzing the correlation with the reproductive performance of multiparous sows.The results were as follows:The ACVR2 B gene screened 2 single base mutations and 1 deletion polymorphism,which were g.23259668 T>C,g.23260159(delG)and g.23260324 C>T,respectively,and were named P1,P2 and P3,respectively.The BMPR1 A gene g.87887024-87887026(delTGG)screened a deletion polymorphism,named P4.The BMPR1 B gene screened five single base mutations,which were g.124593852G>A,g.124561254G>C,g.124561098C>T,g.124546851A>G,and g.124542062T>C,respectively,and were named P5,P6,P7,P8 and P9,respectively.The correlation analysis showed that the three loci P1,P2 and P3 of the ACVR2A gene were completely linked and inherited,which was significantly correlated with the number of live births and the corrected 21-day-old litter in Landrace sows(P<0.05),with the corrected 21-day-old in Large White sows,and with the litter weight(P<0.05).The P4 locus of the BMPR1A gene was significantly correlated with the birth litter weight of Landrace sows(P<0.05).The P5 locus of the BMPR1B gene was extremely significantly correlated with the total litter size of Landrace sows(P<0.01),significantly correlated with the litter size at birth(P<0.05)and the litter weight of Large White sows(P<0.05).The P6 locus was significantly correlated with the total litter size of Landrace sows(P<0.05),and was significantly correlated with the litter size of Large White sows(P<0.05).The P9 locus was significantly correlated with the birth litter weight of Large White sows(P<0.01),and with the corrected 21-day-old litter weight(P<0.05).The genotyping showed that the combined genotypes of P6-P7 were significantly correlated with the live birth and litter weight of Large White sows(P<0.05),and the combined genotype of CGCT was the dominant genotype.The combined genotypes of P8-P9 were significantly correlated with the production of litter alive,the litter weight and the corrected 21-day-old litter weight of the Large White sows(P<0.05).The GGTC combined genotype was the dominant genotype of live birth and birth litter weight,and the GGCC combined genotype was the dominant genotype of the corrected21-day-old litter weight.To sum up,the nine loci screened in this study had an impact on the reproductive performance of sows,and might be used as potential genetic markers to provide reference for molecular breeding of sows.It is speculated that the BMPR1B gene might be used as the main gene for farrowing performance of sows in future research.