长江三角洲创新发展空间溢出效应的测度与分解

Measurement and decomposition of the spatial spillover effect of innovation development in the Yangtze River Delta

一体化深化背景下,准确把握城市群创新互动关系,对于推动高质量发展具有重要现实意义。空间溢出是创新发展互动关系重要体现之一,基于城市尺度数据、空间计量方法,对长江三角洲创新发展空间溢出效应进行多角度研究。主要结论如下:(1)城市创新发展存在显著为正的空间溢出效应,创新人才、资金投入、经济发展、交通设施和对外开放等都是创新发展重要驱动因素,但不同因素空间溢出效应存在差异。(2)不同区域、不同时期对比发现,创新发展空间溢出效应存在显著差异,如区域对比核心区时间演变明显增强等。(3)空间溢出效应随距离增加呈现“倒U型”演变趋势,且这一效应在325 km处最大,而后空间溢出效应的缓慢波动下降与中心城市相对均衡分布有关。本文为识别城市创新发展互动关系提供了新视角,对推动城市群创新发展、一体化深化等具有现实指导意义。

From a long-term perspective,innovation is the key driving force for economic growth.Under the background of China’s economic transition from high-speed growth to highquality development,the promotion of the innovation level is one of the important measures to achieve higher-quality economic development.A large number of studies conducted in-depth discussions on the spatio-temporal evolution and driving factors of the innovation development,and found that the inefficient allocation of innovation resources and the imbalance co-opetition relationship had become important factors restricting China’s innovation development.Under the background of deepening integration,accurately grasping the innovative interactive relationship of urban agglomerations has important practical significance for promoting high-quality development.The spatial spillover effect is an important manifestation of the interactive relationship among regional innovation development.Based on the prefecture level data from 2000 to 2017 and spatial measurement methods,this paper conducts a multi-angle study on the spatial spillover effects of innovation development in the Yangtze River Delta.The results show that:(1)The innovative development had a significant positive spatial spillover effect of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration.Overall,innovative talents,capital investment,economic development,transportation facilities,and opening-up were all important driving factors for innovation development,but different factors show differences in spatial spillover effect.(2)Comparing different regions and different periods,we found that there were significant differences in the spatial spillover effects of innovation development,such as stronger core regions and significantly enhanced temporal evolution.(3)Many studies had shown that the spatial spillover effect of innovation development was significantly affected by distance.This article found that the spillover effect exhibited an"inverted U"evolution characteristic with the increase of distance in the Yangtze River Delta,and the strongest spillover effect was found at a distance of 325 km,which showed that there was an optimal spatial boundary for urban agglomerations from the perspective of innovation.However,the spatial spillover effect fluctuated slowly when the distance exceeded 325 km,which was affected by the relatively balanced distribution of central cities.The research provides a new perspective for identifying the co-opetition relationship of innovation development about urban agglomerations,and has practical guiding significance for promoting the innovation development and deepening integration of urban agglomerations.