分化型甲状腺癌^(131)I治疗患者唾液及汗液131I污染的监测

Monitoring of 131-Iodine Contamination in Saliva and Perspiration of Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Treated by 131-Iodine

目的检测分化型甲状腺癌患者^(131)I治疗后唾液和汗液中的放射性活度变化,为降低控制放射性污染提供依据。方法选取15例接受^(131)I治疗的分化型甲状腺癌患者,口服3.70~5.55 GBq(100~150 mCi)^(131)I胶囊后,收集2~48 h的唾液、汗液标本,使用一体化多道分析器测量其放射性活度并进行评价。结果15例患者在^(131)I治疗后2、4、8、24、48 h测得的唾液放射性比活度的平均值分别为(553.58±478.94)×10^(4)、(484.72±431.76)×10^(4)、(389.78±254.63)×10^(4)、(141.15±10^(4).83)×10^(4)、(53.23±49.8)×10^(4) Bq/g;测得的手掌汗液排泌的^(131)I放射性活度高于额头、左颈、前胸、左腋窝,并且随时间推移,患者体内^(131)I经汗液排出的量呈现逐渐减少的趋势。结论分化型甲状腺癌患者在^(131)I治疗后唾液和汗液中有一定放射性活度的^(131)I,可能对周围环境产生潜在的放射性污染。

Objective To investigate the radioactivity of 131-iodine(^(131)I)in saliva and perspiration of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer after treatment with ^(131)I,and thereby to provide evidence for the control of radioactive contamination.Methods Fifteen patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who would be treated with ^(131)I were enrolled.Samples of saliva and perspiration of them were collected 2-48 h after the oral administration of 3.70-5.55 GBq(100-150 mCi)^(131)I,and radioactivity was measured with a multichannel detector.Results In the 15 patients treated with ^(131)I,the average specific activity in the saliva collected 2 h,4 h,8 h,24 h,and 48 h after administration was(553.58±478.94)×10^(4) Bq/g,(484.72±431.76)×10^(4) Bq/g,(389.78±254.63)×10^(4) Bq/g,(141.15±10^(4).83)×10^(4) Bq/g,and(53.23±49.8)×10^(4) Bq/g,respectively.The radioactivity in the perspiration from hand was higher than that from the forehead,left-side neck,chest,and left axilla,and ^(131)I in perspiration gradually decreased over time.Conclusion There is radioactive ^(131)I in saliva and perspiration of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer after the administration of ^(131)I,which may cause potential radioactive contamination to the environment.