回采工作面底板隐伏构造滑行波探测技术研究

Sliding Wave Detection Technology for Concealed Structure of Floor of Mining Faces

针对我国华北地区煤矿普遍受底板奥灰水影响,现有各种物探、钻探方法精度无法满足煤层底板隐伏构造探测需求的难题,本文提出一种地震多波探查技术体系,对沿煤层内及底板传播的地震波传播规律及其数据采集、资料处理、成像解释等环节开展相关技术研究,实现了对煤层底板可能存在的断层、裂隙及陷落柱等导水构造的探查,并在山东某矿进行了应用,成功获取了煤层底板60 m深度范围内构造异常分布情况,取得了较为理想的效果,探测成果与地质资料较为吻合,可为工作面开采提供地质依据。

As coal mines in North China are widely affected by floor Ordovician limestone water,existing geophysical prospecting and drilling methods cannot attain the detection accuracy for concealed structures of the floor on coal seams.In view of the problems,the paper proposes a seismic multi-wave exploration system to carry out related studies on seismic waves along the coal seam and the floor,including data acquisition,data processing,and imaging interpretation.The system could realize the exploration of water-conducting structures which might exist in the coal seam floor,such as faults,fissures,and collapsed columns.According to the application in a mine in Shandong province,the distribution data of structural anomalies within the depth of 60 m shows the ideal effects and is in good agreement with the geological data,which could provide a geological basis for the mining of the working face.