论俄罗斯新版北极战略及其经济前景

On Russia's New Arctic Strategy and Its Economic Prospects

北极地区对于俄罗斯的战略意义远高于其他北极国家。2014年乌克兰危机后,对西方的不信任加快了俄罗斯“转向东方”的步伐,重视远东和北极领土的经济开发成为助其走出困境的重要内容。与此同时,北极自然环境变化引发北极地缘竞争关系日益紧张。在内外环境发生重大变化的背景下,俄罗斯重新谋划北极和北方领土中长期的发展,集中发布了《2035北极基础设施规划》《2035北极国家政策原则》和《2035北极国家战略》等一系列新版北极战略文件,从国家战略层面重构了北极地区经济社会发展的蓝图。由于受到地理环境、国内改革动力、北极地缘政治变化等因素制约,新版北极战略实施面临长期的挑战。

Arctic is far more strategically important to Russia than any other Arctic countries.After Ukraine crisis in 2014,distrust of the West accelerated the pace of Russia's"turn to the East",and paying attention to the economic development of the Far East and Arctic territories became an important part of helping it out of the predicament.At the same time,the changes of Arctic natural environment have caused increasing tension in the geopolitical competition in Arctic.In the context of significant changes in internal and external environment,Russia has re-planned the mid-term and long-term development of Arctic and its Northern Territories.It has released a series of new Arctic strategy documents,including Arctic Infrastructure Plan 2035,Arctic National Policy Principles 2035 and Arctic National Strategy 2035.The blueprint of economic and social development in Arctic region has been reconstructed from the perspective of national strategy.The implementation of the new Arctic Strategy faces long-term challenges due to the constraints of geographical environment,domestic reform impetus and geopolitical changes in Arctic.