论荀子道德哲学的四层意涵和内在理路

On the Four Levels of Implications and Logical Approaches of Xunzi’s Moral Philosophy

荀子的道德哲学有丰富的意涵和完整的内在理路。从天人观的角度荀子主张天人之分,认为人应该为自己的道德行为负责,确立了道德行为的主体性归属;从人性论方面荀子区分了人性中原初的为恶倾向和向善禀赋,提出“化性起伪”的命题,强调道德感形成的实践因素和社会氛围,以达到“性伪合而天下治”的德治效果;从工夫论入手荀子主张“积善成德”,注重道德品质的积累,通过不断的道德实践达到成德、成人的目的;从境界论来说荀子道德哲学的主旨在于达成儒家理想的道德境界,注重对“圣心”的价值追求。荀子力求通过理性经验的路径分析成德的可行性和必要性,注重知行结合,强调道德的实践意义。荀子将儒家成人的理念融入“积善成德”的道德进路中,探寻人的道德价值,鼓舞普通人也可以成德、成圣。这种关注个人道德修养和社会文明构建的人文精神和家国情怀,是荀子思想中的宝贵财富。

Xunzi’s moral philosophy is an important content of Confucianism and has a rigorous and complete logical approach.From the perspective of the concept of nature and humanity,Xunzi advocates the distinction between nature and humanity,and believes that humans should be responsible for their own moral behavior;from the perspective of human nature,Xunzi distinguishes the dual dimensions of nature and social nature,and puts forward the proposition of“transforming nature from falsehood”,Emphasizing the social and practical nature of morality;starting from the Gongfu theory,Xunzi advocates“accumulating goodness into virtue”and achieving the ideal state of virtue through continuous moral practice;from the perspective of state theory,the purpose of Xunzi’s moral philosophy is to achieve the ideal morality of Confucianism realm.Xunzi’s moral philosophy is an important part of Confucian morality.Xunzi strives to analyze the possibility of morality through the path of rational experience,focusing on the combination of knowledge and action,and emphasizing the practical significance of morality.Xunzi integrated the concept of human beings as a goal into the moral approach of“accumulating goodness into virtue”,adhering to the moral essence of people,and inspiring ordinary people to become virtuous and saint.This deep and rational humanistic spirit is precious in Xunzi’s thoughts.wealth.