疫情常态化背景下边境地区乡村生态文明水平评价及优化策略--以中国东北地区为例

Evaluation and Optimization Strategy of Rural Ecological Civilization Levels in Border Areas Under the Background of Epidemic Normalization:A Case Study of Northeast China

根据乡村生态文明内涵,从经济、社会、生态3个方面构建了乡村生态文明水平评价指标体系,对2013—2019年东北地区边境城市乡村生态文明水平进行评价,并结合疫情常态化背景提出优化策略.从评价水平看,辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省东部边境城市乡村生态文明水平整体较高,而蒙东边境地区评价得分相对较低.从空间分异特征看,东北地区边境城市乡村生态文明水平东高西低的空间分异特征逐渐加强,呈现一定的极化特征.从优化策略看,丰富乡村经济业态,推动旅游业、劳动密集型产业、商贸物流等产业提质增效是疫情常态化背景下边境地区乡村促进经济发展的有力抓手,提升公共服务水平、完善乡村治理结构、促进治理能力升级是提升乡村社会文明水平的重要路径,巩固生态环境优势、加大环境保护力度、因地制宜发展低碳经济、加快人居环境改善是乡村生态环境的有力保障.

According to the connotation of rural ecological civilization,this research constructs an evaluation index system for rural ecological civilization levels from the perspectives of economy,society and ecology,evaluates the ecological civilization levels of border rural areas in Northeast China from 2013 to 2019,and proposes optimization strategy based on the background of normalization of epidemic.The results are as fallows.From evaluation level,border villages in the east of Liaoning,Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces have relatively high levels of ecological civilization,while the evaluation scores of eastern Mogolia border areas are relatively low.From the perspective of spatial differentiation characteristics,from 2013 to 2019,spatial differentiation characteristics of ecological civilization levels of border rural areas in Northeast China,which are high in the east and low in the west,gradually strengtheneds,showing a certain polarization characteristics.From the perspective of optimization strategies,enriching rural economy formats and promoting the quality and efficiency of tourism,labor-intensive industries,trade logistics and other industries are powerful tools for promoting economic development in border areas under the background of normalization of epidemic.Improving the level of public services and rural governance structure and promoting governance capacity upgrade are important paths to improve the level of rural social civilization.Consolidating ecological environment advantages,increasing environmental protection efforts,developing low-carbon economy according to local conditions and accelerating the improvement of living environment are powerful guarantees for rural ecological environment.