新型稀土转光膜对日光温室环境及黄瓜品质和产量的影响

New rare earth light conversion film affects cucumber quality and yield in solar greenhouse

以津优315密刺黄瓜为试验材料,以PO膜为对照(CK),研究稀土转光膜(RPO)对温室环境及黄瓜产量和品质的影响,为稀土转光膜在农业生产上的应用提供理论依据。结果表明,在11月至翌年1月,RPO处理提高了温室内远红光和可见光中的蓝光和红橙光比例。晴天,红橙光、远红光和可见光分别较CK提高了7.57%、9.26%和5.51%,阴天,蓝光、红橙光和可见光分别较CK提高了11.03%、3.93%和3.52%,降低了紫外光、紫光和绿光比例,还提高了温室透光率,晴天透光率较CK提高了9.30%,阴天提高了13.79%;RPO处理的光照度、气温、地温均高于CK,平均空气湿度低于CK,其中1月份RPO处理的积温、光照度增幅最大。1月份RPO处理的积温、≥10℃和≥20℃的小时数分别较CK提高了5.27%、28.36%和34.23%;1月份RPO处理的平均、最高、最低光照度分别较CK提高了23.53%、30.06%和11.11%。RPO处理黄瓜果实维生素C和游离氨基酸含量分别较CK提高27.41%和27.81%,产量提高30.01%。综上,稀土转光膜可显著提高温室光照度、气温和地温,降低空气湿度,尤其是改善弱光期温室的光环境、提高低温期温室的温度效果更突出,进而提高黄瓜果实产量及品质。

The effects of rare earth light conversion film(RPO)on greenhouse environment,cucumber yield and quality were studied using Chinese long cucumber variety Jinyou 35 and Po film as control(CK),so as to provide a theoretical basis for the use of RPO film in agricultural production.The results showed that from November to January RPO film increased the proportion of blue light and red orange light in far red light and visible light,on a sunny day,the red-orange light,far-red light and visible light were increased by 7.57%,9.26%and 5.51%,respectively,compared with CK.on cloudy days,the blue light,red-orange light and visible light were increased by 11.03%,3.93%and 3.52%,respectively,compared with CK.The ratio of ultraviolet light,purple light and green light is reduced,and the light transmittance is also improved.The light transmittance in sunny days is increased by 9.30%compared with CK,and the light transmittance in cloudy days is increased by 13.79%The light intensity,air temperature and ground temperature of RPO treatment were higher than CK,and the average air humidity was lower than CK.The accumulated temperature and light intensity of RPO treatment increased the most in January.Compared with CK,the accumulated temperature,≥10℃and≥20℃hours of RPO treatment in January increased by 5.27%,28.36%and 34.23%,respectively.The average,maximum and minimum light intensity of RPO treatment in January increased by 23.53%,30.06%and 11.11%,respectively,compared with CK.The contents of vitamin C and free amino acids in cucumber fruit under RPO film were 27.41%and 27.81%higher than CK,and the yield was increased by 30.01%.In conclusion,RPO film can significantly improve the light intensity,air temperature and ground temperature of greenhouse,reduce air humidity,especially improve the light environment of greenhouse in low light period and the temperature of greenhouse in low temperature period,so as to improve the yield and quality of cucumber fruit.