基于精细化管理的环境物联网发展趋势

The Trends of Environmental Internet of Things Based on Refined Management

环境物联网运用智能传感器等设备感知生态环境的变化,监测环境质量、监控企业的排污行为,通过环境数据的采集、传输、处理、整合,辅助环境管理决策。近年来环境物联网得到长足发展,但现有的环境物联网体系无法满足多种任务和应用场景的需求,主要问题体现在数据质量和精准度缺乏保证,数据传输能力有限,数据共享还未打通,数据分析应用能力还有待提升。笔者系统分析了环境物联网感知层、传输层和应用层的现状与问题,较全面地研究了物联网与大数据技术的最新进展,提出了环境物联网的发展方向以解决上述问题,为实现精细化管理与科学决策提供科学参考。

Devices like intelligent sensors are used in environmental Internet of Things(IoT)to perceive the changes of the environment,and monitor environmental quality and the emission of enterprises.Environmental management is accomplished through environmental data collection,transmission,processing and integration.In recent years,great progress has been made in environmental IoT.However,the existing system of environmental IoT fails to meet the needs of multiple tasks and application scenarios,mainly because of poor data quality and accuracy,limited ability of data transmission,incomplete data sharing,and data analysis and application for further improvements.By systematically analyzing the status and deficiencies of the perception layer,transmission layer and application layer of environmental IoT,combined with comprehensive research of the latest progress of IoT and big data technology,prospects for further development of environmental IoT were put forward to solve the aforementioned problems,which provides technical support for fine management and scientific decision-making.