大豆—玉米带状复合种植模式带动高营子村乡村振兴

The strip compound planting pattern of soybean and corn drive rural revitalization of Gaoyingzi village

随着国家粮食安全问题日益突出,破解“卡脖子”难题日益紧迫。2020年我国进口玉米达1130万t,进口大豆达1亿t以上,占进口粮食的80%左右。若想实现玉米和大豆的自给自足,使用单作生产方式需要1.00亿hm^(2)左右耕地。大豆―玉米带状复合种植技术可实现“玉米不减产、多收一茬豆”,两种作物高低协同,使光能得到充分利用,不同作物根系可构建土壤生物多样性环境,同时豆科作物固氮效果明显,可发挥减肥增效作用。高营子村采用传统种植方式产量低,种植效益不高,土地荒废现象严重。在乡村振兴阶段,高营子村大力推广大豆―玉米带状复合种植技术,可实现大豆、玉米均衡协调发展,农民应用新技术、新模式可实现致富增收。

As China’s food security problem became more and more prominent, it was increasingly urgent to solove "Choke point" problem. In 2020, China imported 11.3 million tons of corn and more than 100 million tons of soybeans, accounting for about 80% of imported grain. To achieve self-sufficient in corn and soybeans, monoculture required about 100 million ha of arable land. The soybean-corn strip compound planting technology could realize "No yield reduction of corn and one more crop of soybean", the synergy of high and low of the two crops cooperated with each other could make full use of light energy, and the roots of different crops could build soil biodiversity environment,at the same time the nitrogen fixation effect of legume crop was obvious, which could play the role of reducing weight and increasing efficiency. In Gaoyingzi village, the farmers’ traditional planting method had low yield, low planting benefit and serious land waste. In the stage of rural revitalization, Gaoyingzi village vigorously promoted the soybean-corn strip compound planting technology which could realize the balanced and coordinated development of soybean and corn, and farmers could get rich and increase their income by applying new technology and new models.