面向应急事件的卫星任务规划技术

Emergency-oriented Satellite Mission Planning

陆地观测卫星在轨运控中,面向用户成像需求的任务规划通常分为常规和应急两种类型。常规任务规划即根据需求的类型及空间位置,结合卫星轨道信息进行需求过境计算及常规任务安排,以获取卫星影像数据;应急任务规划即通过技术手段实现卫星快速应急成像。文章通过分析卫星常规及应急运控模式,提出了卫星应急成像任务规划模式下需求统筹、卫星资源综合调度、应急可行性分析、测控和接收资源调度、应急计划快速调整等关键技术,总结了中国陆地观测卫星应急成像能力,对应急任务规划系统设计提出可行性建议,有效地提高了卫星应急时效性。

In the on-orbit operation and control of land observation satellites,the task planning for user imaging requirements can be divided into two types:conventional and emergency.Conventional mission planning refers to demand transit calculation and routine mission arrangement according to demand type and space location combined with satellite orbit information to obtain satellite image data.Emergency mission planning is to realize satellite rapid emergency imaging by technical means.By analyzing the conventional and emergency operation and control modes of satellites,this paper proposes key technologies such as demand overall planning,satellite resource comprehensive scheduling,emergency feasibility analysis,monitoring and control and receiving resource scheduling,and rapid adjustment of emergency plans under the satellite emergency imaging mission planning mode,and summarizes China's land observation satellite emergency imaging capabilities,and puts forward feasible suggestions on the design of emergency mission planning system,which effectively improves the timeliness of satellite emergency.