基于剩余制冷度时数的建筑夜间通风降温潜力研究

Study on Cooling Potential of Buildings By Night Ventilation Based on “Residual Cooling Degree Hours”

本文探究夜间通风降温潜力的时空分布规律,为早期建筑设计作参考依据。通过分析全国572个城镇的典型气象年数据,基于“剩余制冷度时数”方法以夜间通风可以降低的降温需求(NVCP)为量化指标分析了我国建筑夜间通风降温潜力的时空分布特征。研究发现云南南部和塔里木盆地地区的夜间通风降温潜力最大,全年降温潜力达3742~6476℃·d,我国中部和南部沿海地区降温潜力为1919~2830℃·d,东北地区和青藏高原的降温潜力为0~1919℃·d;上半年随着温度的上升,降温潜力较大的地区逐渐向北移动,下半年反之。通过将新建立的NVCP指标与气候降温潜力(CCP)指标计算结果对比分析,发现NVCP规避了以往CCP仅考虑夜间低温程度而未考虑地区实际降温需求的不足,可以揭示出各个地区建筑夜间通风降温潜力真实差异以及建筑夜间通风技术应用的可行性高低。

This study explores the temporal and spatial distribution law of cooling potential by night ventilation,and serves as a reference for early architectural design.By analyzing the typical meteorological data of 572 cities and towns in China,based on the“residual cooling degree hours”method,the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the night ventilation cooling potential of buildings are analyzed using the reduced cooling demand by night ventilation(NVCP)as a quantitative index.The study found that Southern Yunnan and Tarim Basin has the greatest cooling potential by night ventilation,with an annual cooling potential of 3742~6476℃·d.China’s central and southern coastal areas have a cooling potential of 1919~2830℃·d.The cooling potential of the Northeast China and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is 0~1919℃·d.As the temperature rises in the first half of year,regions with greater cooling potential gradually move northward,and vice versa in the second half of the year.By comparing and analyzing the calculation results of the newly established NVCP index and Climatic Cooling Potential(CCP)index,it is found that NVCP overcomes the shortcomings of the previous CCP that only considers the low temperature at night without considering the actual cooling demand of the various regions,which can reveal the actual differences in the cooling potential of buildings by night ventilation and the feasibility of night ventilation technology application for building.