国家速滑馆比赛大厅建筑声学设计与实测分析

Architectural Acoustic Design and Measurement of the Competition Hall of the National Speed Skating Oval

国家速滑馆比赛大厅净容积约350000 m^(3),赛时容纳观众人数约12000座,建筑声学设计主要应保证使用扩声系统时语言清晰。根据JGJ/T 131—2012《体育场馆声学设计及测量规程》的要求及实测经验,速滑馆比赛大厅满场中频500~1000 Hz混响时间指标3.50 s以内。吸声设计在墙面布置50 mm玻纤吸声墙板构造、在吊顶布置膜吸声构造,并通过计算机模拟预估比赛大厅满场500 Hz及1000 Hz混响时间3.25 s、3.09 s。在室内装修基本完成时进行比赛大厅空场混响时间测试评估。在项目竣工时测试扩声系统混响时间,并通过赛宾公式计算观众席及比赛场地满场500 Hz及1000 Hz混响时间平均值为3.00 s、3.15 s,比赛大厅混响时间设计达到预期指标。

The competition hall of the National Speed Skating Oval,with a net volume of about 350,000 m^(3),can hold about 12,000 audiences.The architectural acoustic design should ensure speech intelligibility when using the public address system.According to the Specification for acoustical design and measurement of gymnasium and stadium(JGJ/T 131-2012)and the experience in measurement,the maximum mid-frequency reverberation time(fully occupied)of the competition hall should be under 3.50 s.The sound absorption design is arranged with a 50 mm fiber sound absorption wall panel structure and membrane sound absorption structure on the ceiling,and the 500 Hz and 1,000 Hz reverberation time in the competition hall is estimated at 3.25 s,and 3.09 s respectively through computer simulation.When the interior decoration was basically completed,the reverberation time(unoccupied)of the competition hall was tested.The reverberation time(unoccupied)of the sound public address system was tested at the completion of the project,and the average reverberation time of 500 Hz and 1000 Hz in the auditorium and the competition venue was 3.00 s and 3.15 s through Sabine’s formula,indicating that the reverberation time design of the competition hall reaches the expected index.