A Pre-game Evaluation of the Tourism Legacy of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games

北京2022年冬奥会冰雪旅游遗产赛前评估

The role of tourism in social and economic development and stabilizing the Olympic legacy has been widely discussed.Beijing is the first“Dual-Olympic City”.For the first time,the Beijing Winter Olympics has adopted a model of three competition areas,which has attracted much attention to the study of its tourism legacy.In the legacy plan,the construction of the“Beijing-Zhangjiakou Sports Culture and Tourism Belt”was proposed.The development of ice and snow tourism and the cultivation of the ice and snow tourism market is also reflected in many policy documents and government actions.The scientific planning before the competition laid a good foundation for the sustainable development of its ice and snow tourism heritage.This research combines Olympic legacy research with tourism destination theory,and focuses on ice and snow tourism directly related to the Winter Olympics and the significance of pre-event planning for legacy protection.At the same time,the improvement of the quality of ice and snow tourism destinations is embedded in the pre-Olympic legacy,and opinions and suggestions on how to ensure the stability of the legacy after the games are given.This study uses the literature review method and the second-hand materials survey research method,then through establishing a tourism legacy pre-game evaluation model and the use of geographic information,government reports,policies,publicly released statistics and news reports,etc..It explores the legacy of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics,aiming to lay the foundation for preserving the continuous value of the ice and snow tourism legacy during and after the Olympics.The results indicate that the Beijing Winter Olympics has made relatively complete plans and reliable progress in both tangible and intangible legacy.Complete tourism infrastructure,an optimistic sport and cultural atmosphere,and the improvement of residents’health concept and sports awareness have become boosters for the development of ice and snow tourism in the Beijing-Zhangjiakou region.

旅游在社会经济发展和稳定奥运遗产中的作用,已被广泛讨论。北京作为“双奥之城”,北京冬奥会首次采用三赛区办赛,使其旅游遗产的研究备受关注。在遗产规划中,建设“京张体育旅游文化带”被提出,发展冰雪旅游,培育冰雪旅游市场,也在诸多政策文件和政府行动中得以体现。赛前的科学规划,为冰雪旅游遗产的可持续性发挥奠定良好基础。本研究将奥运遗产研究与旅游目的地理论相结合,重点研究与冬奥会直接相关的冰雪旅游,并重点关注赛前规划对于遗产保障的意义,同时将冰雪旅游目的地品质提升嵌入奥运前遗产升级中,并就如何确保赛后遗产的稳定性提出意见和建议。研究采用文献综述法和二手资料调查研究法,通过建立冰雪旅游遗产赛前评估模型,采用地理信息、政府报告、政策、公开发布的统计数据和新闻报道等,对北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会的冰雪旅游遗产进行赛前总结和归纳,并进行初步评估。研究发现北京冬奥会在有形遗产和无形遗产方面,都进行了较为完备的规划并取得初步成果,完备的旅游基础设施和良好的体育文化氛围,后疫情时代居民健康理念和体育意识的提升,都成为近年来京张地区冰雪旅游发展的助推器。