一例母牛剖腹产手术

An Example of a Cow Caesarean Section

海原县主打的肉牛品种为西门达尔牛,除了政府倡导以外,养牛户也普遍喜欢饲养这一品种,主要是原因在于:西门达尔牛具有良好的适应性、发病率较低、耐粗饲且生长速度快。目前,海原县境内约有85%以上的母牛品种都是西门达尔及其各代杂交牛。所以,在选择配种时均采取西门达尔公牛冻精人工授精或采用比较纯的西门达尔公牛进行本交。但是,西门达尔牛另外一个显著特征是:犊牛初生重较大,若第一胎母牛配种月龄过早(14月龄以前),很大程度上会影响母牛体格的正常生长发育。胎儿过大、产道狭窄这两个原因导致初产母牛难产率较高,常常出现母子双亡,损失惨重的结局。而在海原,母牛难产几乎天天都有发生,在适宜条件下采取剖腹产是挽救这一损失的关键技术之一。但在海原县境内技术人员缺乏,真正能够实施剖腹产手术的技术人员更少。因此,以典型病例做现场技术培训十分必要,也是难得的学习机会。本文通过分析一例典型难产母牛的剖腹产手术,梳理了牛剖腹产临床处理方法、要点,开展了技术示范与技术培训,有一定的借鉴意义。

The main beef cattle breed in Haiyuan County is Simendal cattle.In addition to the government's advocacy,cattle farmers also generally like to raise this breed.The main reason is that Simmendal cattle have good adaptability,low morbidity,roughage tolerance and fast growth rate.At present,more than 85%of the cow breeds in Haiyuan County are Simendal and its crossbred cattle of various generations.Therefore,when selecting breeding,artificial insemination with frozen semen from Simmendal bulls or relatively pure Simmendal bulls are used for this cross.However,another notable feature of Simmendal cattle is that the calf is born with a large weight.If the first-born cow is mated too early(before 14 months of age),it will largely affect the normal growth and development of the cow's physique.Large fetuses and narrow birth canals can lead to a high rate of dystocia in primiparous cows,often resulting in the death of both mother and child,resulting in heavy losses.In Haiyuan,cow dystocia occurs almost every day,and caesarean section under suitable conditions is one of the key techniques to save this loss.However,there is a shortage of technical personnel in Haiyuan County,and there are even fewer technical personnel who can actually perform caesarean section operations.Therefore,it is very necessary to do on-site technical training with typical cases,and it is also a rare learning opportunity.This paper analyzes an example of a typical dystocia caesarean section,sorts out the clinical treatment methods and key points of cattle caesarean section,and carries out technical demonstration and technical training,which has certain reference significance.