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不同有机肥对大棚葡萄土壤理化性质及果实品质的影响 被引量:13

Effects of different organic fertilizers on soil properties and fruit quality of grape in greenhouse
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摘要 为探讨不同有机肥对大棚葡萄园土壤改良及品质的影响,研究了生物有机肥、鸽粪、菜饼肥、鱼肥4种有机肥对土壤理化性质、营养状况、植株生长及果实品质的影响。结果表明:施用有机肥可以从不同程度上改良土壤的物理性状,效果以鸽粪和鱼肥较佳,土壤容重分别显著降低5.1%和7.1%,土壤孔隙度分别提高3.8%和5.1%;施用有机肥后土壤有机质和中微量营养元素均有显著提高,效果以鱼肥和鸽粪最佳,鸽粪处理的土壤有机质提高8.7%,鱼肥处理的土壤交换性钙、交换性镁和有效硼分别提高了27.5%、14.7%和24.2%,且差异显著;施用有机肥提高了叶片叶绿素含量和枝蔓木质化程度,萌芽率和成花率也不同程度提高,综合效果以鱼肥最佳,成花率提高18.6个百分点、枝蔓木质化程度提高17.9个百分点;施用鸽粪和鱼肥的果实综合品质最高,可溶性固形物含量提高14.4%~22.0%,固酸比均达到20以上。综上所述,施用不同有机肥能不同程度地降低容重,增加孔隙度,提高土壤有机质、营养元素含量,促进枝蔓生长,提高品质,综合效果以施用鱼肥最佳、鸽粪次之。 In order to explore the application effects of different organic fertilizers and to provide a reliable basis for scientific fertilization of grape,the effects of four organic fertilizers(Commercial organic fertilizer,pigeon manure,vegetable cake fertilizer,fish fertilizer)on soil improvement and fruit quality of grape were studied in double-film greenhouse.The results showed that the application of organic fertilizers improved soil physical properties in different degrees,the pigeon manure and fish fertilizer had the best effects.The soil bulk density of the pigeon manure and fish manure treatments significantly decreased by 5.1%and 7.1%,and soil porosity increased by 3.8%and 5.1%,respectively.After applying pigeon manure and fish manure,the contents of soil organic matter and medium and trace nutrients were significantly increased.The soil organic matter of pigeon manure treatment was increased by 8.7%,while the soil exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium and available boron of fish manure treatment significantly increased by 27.5%,14.7%and 24.2%,respectively.The application of organic fertilizer increased the chlorophyll content of leaves,while the degree of lignification of branches,and the germination rate and flowering rate were also increased in varying degrees.The comprehensive effect of fish fertilizer was the best,with the flowering rate increased by 18.6 percentage points,and the lignification degree of branches and vines increased by 17.9 percentage points.The comprehensive fruit quality was better after applying pigeon manure and fish manure than other measures,TSS increased by 14.4%~22.0%and the solid acid ratio reached more than 20.In conclusion,the application of different organic fertilizers could reduce bulk density,increase porosity,improve soil organic matter and nutrient content,promote the growth of branches and vines,and improve quality.The comprehensive effect of fish fertilizer is the best,followed by pigeon manure.
作者 何风杰 徐小菊 金伟 黄雪燕 高洪勤 徐春燕 陈莲芬 贾惠娟 HE Feng-jie;XU Xiao-ju;JIN Wei;HUANG Xue-yan;GAO Hong-qin;XU Chun-yan;CHEN Lian-fen;JIA Hui-juan(Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Taizhou City,Taizhou Zhejiang 318000;Agriculture Forestry and Water Conservancy Bureau of Wenling City,Wenling Zhejiang 317500;Xinhe Yangyang Family Farm of Wenling City,Wenling Zhejiang 317502;Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058)
出处 《中国土壤与肥料》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2022年第5期92-98,共7页 Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金 浙江省三农六方科技协作项目“根域限制栽培在葡萄产业中的应用研究”(CTZB-F170623LWZ-SNY1-16) 台州市科技计划项目“设施葡萄提质增效技术创新集成与示范”(1901ny01)。
关键词 有机肥 理化性质 营养状况 生长坐果 果实品质 organic fertilizer physical and chemical properties nutritional status growth and fruit setting fruit quality
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