服务业开放、数字经济对产业国际竞争力的影响

The Impact of Service Industry Opening and Digital Economy on Industrial International Competitiveness

从加速提升中国产业国际竞争力的研究视角入手,构建中介模型、门槛回归模型和空间杜宾模型,研究服务业进口技术溢出、R&D经费投入和ICT技术对我国产业国际竞争力的影响及作用机制,结果显示:服务业进口技术溢出促进我国产业国际竞争力不断提升;各地区数字经济背景的ICT能力越强,服务业进口技术溢出对产业国际竞争力的促进作用就越显著;R&D经费投入在服务业进口技术溢出对产业国际竞争力的影响中存在中介效应;针对服务业进口对我国R&D经费投入强度影响的估计结果,存在工业销售产值的门槛效应;当高技术企业销售收入达到门槛值时,R&D经费投入强度对我国产业国际竞争力的边际影响会增长;当企业规模达到门槛值时,服务业进口技术溢出对产业国际竞争力的边际影响会增长。因此,应优化FDI结构,构建以中国为核心的数字贸易区域价值链,发挥政府补助的最大效用,促进高新技术企业发展。

From the perspective of accelerating the improvement of China’s industrial international competitiveness, this paper studies the impact and mechanism of service industry opening, R & D investment and ICT on China’s industrial international competitiveness, mainly focusing on intermediary effect analysis and threshold effect analysis. It is found that the opening of service industry promotes the continuous improvement of China’s industrial international competitiveness. The stronger the ICT capacity of each region in the context of digital economy, the more significant the role of service industry import in promoting the international competitiveness of the industry. R & D investment has an intermediary effect in the impact of service industry opening on industrial international competitiveness. According to the estimation results of the impact of service industry import on China’s R & D investment intensity, there is a threshold effect of industrial sales output value. When the sales revenue of high-tech enterprises reaches the threshold, the impact of R & D investment intensity on the international competitiveness of China’s industry will increase. And when the scale of enterprises reaches the threshold, the impact of imported technology spillover on the international competitiveness of the industry will increase. Based on the above research results, we put forward the following suggestions: optimizing the FDI structure, building a digital trade regional value chain with China as the core, giving full play to the maximum effectiveness of government subsidies, and promoting the development of high-tech enterprises.