我国大学生自我同一性地位及影响因素研究回顾与展望

Review and Prospect of the Research on the Status and Influential Factors of Self-identity of Chinese Undergraduates

当前,国内对大学生自我同一性研究以横断方法描述一般自我同一性地位发展状况为主,而以纵横结合描述大学生自我同一性发展轨迹和地位变化趋势的研究稀少;以相关范式为主,叙事范式和实验范式为辅。目前就自我同一性地位形成机制,从同一性风格、自传体思维、危机叙事角度开展研究;就自我同一性地位影响因素,从危机应对模式、内部依恋工作模式、文化适应角度开展研究;大学生自我同一性地位观测工具,从引进走向自主开发。虽然我国大学生自我同一性研究已经取得以上进展,但仍有以下不足:同一般性的自我同一性研究相比,领域性自我同一性研究尚显单薄;我国大学生自我同一性形成机制和影响因素的研究方法还需整合;我国大学生自我同一性状态和影响因素的理论研究薄弱。未来还需要在领域性自我同一性过程与状态、自我同一性的本土文化心理、自我同一性干预方面深入系统研究。

The research on undergraduates’self-identity in China mainly describes the development of general self-identity status by cross-sectional method while the research on the trend and status change by vertical and horizontal combination is rare;the narrative and experimental paradigm are supplement to other dominant relative research.The research on the formation mechanism of self-identity status is carried out from aspects of identity style,autobiographical thinking and crisis narrative while the studies on the influential factors are done from crisis coping model,internal attachment working model and cultural adaptation.While the research has made great progress,there are still some deficiencies:compared with the general research,the domain research on self-identity is still weak;the research methods of the formation mechanism and influential factors need to be integrated;the theoretical research on the status and influential factors is weak.In the future,further systematic research is needed on the process and status of domain self-identity,native cultural psychology of self-identity and self-identity intervention.