实现科技自立自强:高等教育应有何作为——大学生创新素养培育的生态系统构建研究

Achieving Technological Self-Reliance:What Higher Education Can Do——Research on the Ecosystem Construction of College Students'Innovation Literacy Cultivation

在国际高科技竞争中培育青年大学生的创新素养,是高等教育的时代使命。创新素养是“科技竞争”之本与“时代新人”之根,育人生态系统是创新素养培育的有效路径。当前中国大学生创新素养的培育存在若干问题,如“碎片化”倾向、“间断性”倾向与“职业技能式”倾向。育人生态系统在大学生创新素养的培育中,可以推动“碎片化培育”走向“系统化培育”,推动“间断性培育”走向“持续性培育”,并推动“职业技能式培育”走向“人生素养式培育”。基于此,可以设计大学生创新素养培育生态系统的具体构建路径,一是构建基于育人全要素的“系统化培育”生态,二是构建基于多学科大平台的“持续性培育”生态,三是构建基于思政一体化的“人生素养式培育”生态。

The cultivation of the innovation literacy of young college students in the international high-tech competition is the mission of higher education in the new era.Innovation literacy is the foundation of“scientific and technological competition”and the root of“new people of the times”,an effective path to the cultivation of which is the education ecosystem.At present,there are several problems in the cultivation of innovation quality of Chinese college students,such as“fragmentation”,“discontinuity”and“vocational-skills tendency”.In the cultivation of college students'innovation competence,the education ecosystem can promote the cultivation from fragmented to systematic,from intermittent to continuous,and from vocational-skills to life-time literacy.The specific construction path of the innovation literacy cultivation ecosystem of college students can be designed as the building of a systematic cultivation ecology based on all elements of education,a“continuous cultivation”ecology based on a multidisciplinary platform,and an ecology of life-time quality cultivation based on the integration of ideology and political education.