秸秆反应堆作业机布料装置的设计与研究

Design and research of distributing device for straw-reactor operating machines

为解决华北地区秸秆反应堆一体作业机铺秸秆过程中需要预处理秸秆问题,文中设计了位于秸秆反应堆作业整机上的可自粉碎秸秆的布料装置。基于棚室秸秆生物反应堆农艺要求,确定了布料斗整体结构,明确了双螺旋式秸秆粉碎刀辊具体参数,确定了防堵辊、传送带、菌种下料辊、菌种打散辊的结构和主要参数。根据整机前进速度、秸秆掩埋深度和秸秆菌种比例要求,确定了各部分转速,利用链传动传递动力,完成布料斗粉碎秸秆布料到沟槽中并按比例洒落菌种的作业流程。利用ANSYS Workbench对粉碎刀辊进行模态分析,证明其转速满足实际工况。利用EDEM软件对菌种打散辊作业过程进行仿真,利用Design-Expert10.0.7软件进行方差分析,确定了其最佳参数,采用6片打散片,转速75 r/min,前进速度4 m/s,可实现最佳菌种洒落平整度,达到菌种均匀洒落要求。

Since straw pretreatment is required by integrated straw-reactor operating machines in the process of straw in North China, a self-crushing straw distributing device for straw-reactor operating machines is designed. Based on the agronomic requirements of straw reactors in the shed, the overall structure of the cloth bucket is determined. The specific parameters of the double-helix straw crushing knife roller are defined;the structure and main parameters of the anti-blocking roller, the conveyor belt, the seed-feeding roller and the seed-dispersing roller are worked out. According to the advance speed of the machine, the depth of straw burial and the proportion of straw seed, the rotation speed of each part is identified, and the chain drive is used to transfer the power, so as to complete the operation process of crushing straw under the cloth bucket into the groove and scattering the seed in proportion. By means of ANSYS Workbench, the mode analysis is conducted on the grinding cutter roller, in order to prove that its speed meets the requirements of application. Besides, the EDEM software is used to simulate the operation process of seed-dispersing operation, and the Design-Expert10.0.7 software is adopted for the variance analysis, so that the best parameters are obtained. 6 dispersing tablets are used with a rotating speed of 75 r/min and a forward speed of 4 m/s, and with the best seed scattering flatness, which reaches the requirements of uniform seed scattering.