非晶合金在水处理应用中的研究进展

Progress on Application of Amorphous Alloys in Water Treatment

非晶合金又称金属玻璃,是属于能量状态丰富的非平衡态亚稳材料。开发非晶合金新的功能性应用是当前材料科学及工程领域的研究前沿及热点。由于非晶合金的高导电性、抗腐蚀性以及良好的生物相容性近年来已经被成功作为一种环境友好的催化剂应用于水处理领域中染料废水的降解。一方面,非晶合金如铁基非晶合金因本身具有较低的氧化还原电位使其可以直接作为电子供体对水中的有机污染物进行还原降解;另一方面,非晶合金结合高级氧化技术(如类芬顿反应)可以对有机污染物实现更加彻底的降解及矿化,将其变成二氧化碳和水。重点介绍了非晶合金在水处理应用中的研究背景、制备方法、催化降解性能和机制等内容,旨在为非晶合金在深度净水处理技术的催化应用提出新的发展方向,并为未来大规模工业应用提供有价值的科学参考。

Amorphous alloys,also known as metallic glasses,are non-equilibrium metastable materials with rich energy state.The development of new functional applications of amorphous alloys is the research frontier and hotspot in the field of materials science and engineering.Due to their high conductivity,corrosion resistance,and good biocompatibility,amorphous alloys have been successfully used as a class of environment-friendly catalysts in the degradation of dye wastewater in the field of water treatment in recent years.On the one hand,amorphous alloys such as iron-based amorphous alloys can be directly used as electron donors to reduce and degrade organic pollutants in water matrix owing to their low redox potential.On the other hand,amorphous alloys combined with advanced oxidation processes(such as Fenton-like reaction)can degrade and mineralize organic pollutants more thoroughly,transforming them into carbon dioxide and water.This paper focuses on the research background,preparative methods,catalytic degradation performance,and mechanism of amorphous alloys in water treatment,aiming to put forward new development directions for catalytic application of amorphous alloys in the field of advanced water purification technology,as well as to provide valuable scientific reference for large-scale industrial application in the future.