由“情”至“诚”:孟子道德情感论及其内在理路

From“Affection”to“Sincerity”:Mencius’Theory of Moral Emotion and its Internal Rational Path

孟子道德情感论建基于其“四心”之情感,提出由“情”至“诚”,进而开显“万物皆备于我”的主体在道德践履中的自身意义。孟子认为道德情感乃是人所本具的、是内在于人的存在;道德实践需要依照本心,践履并开显主体。就其内在理路而言,孟子提出“我固有之”的主体本质、“反身而诚”的主体践履以及“由仁义行”的主体开显的三层理路。孟子道德情感论在于主体自觉统一起其德性和德行。

Mencius’theory of moral emotion is based on his emotion of“four hearts”,and puts forward the evolutionfrom“affection”to“honesty”,thus revealing the self-significance of the subject of“everything is in me”in moral practice.Mencius believes that moral emotion is inherent and exists in man,and moral practice needs to follow the heart,practice and reveal the subject.In terms of its internal moral path,Mencius proposes three layers of moral path:the subject nature of“inherent in me”,the subject practice of“introspective and sincere”and the subject revelation from“benevolence and righteousness”.Mencius’theory of moral emotion lies in the subject’s conscious unification of morality and virtuous conduct.