痴呆患者自理能力与家庭照顾者照顾负担:照顾者照顾能力的中介作用

The self-care ability of dementia patients and family caregivers′care burden:the mediating role of caring ability of caregivers

目的探讨痴呆患者家庭照顾者的照顾能力在患者自理能力和照顾者照顾负担间的中介作用,为降低家庭照顾者照顾负担提供参考。方法选择2020年9月至2021年1月在山东第一医科大学附属省立医院和山东省精神卫生中心招募的113名痴呆患者的家庭照顾者为研究对象,采用Barthel评定表、家庭照顾者照顾能力量表和Zarit照顾者负担量表调查痴呆患者的自理能力、照顾者的照顾能力和照顾负担。结果痴呆患者的自理能力得分为(75.19±28.56)分,照顾者的照顾能力和照顾负担得分分别为9.00(4.00,15.00)、(33.78±16.53)分。痴呆患者的自理能力与照顾者照顾能力及照顾负担呈负相关(r=-0.424、-0.420,均P<0.01),痴呆患者家庭照顾者的照顾能力和照顾负担呈正相关(r=0.605,P<0.01)。痴呆患者家庭照顾者的照顾能力在患者自理能力和照顾者照顾负担间的中介效应显著,间接效应是-0.107,总效应是-0.187,间接效应占总效应的57.22%。结论痴呆患者家庭照顾者的照顾能力中介了患者自理能力和照顾者照顾负担间的关系,是改善家庭照顾者负担的可干预靶点。

Objective To explore the mediating effect of caring ability of family caregivers on dementia patients′self-care ability and family caregiver burden.Methods A total of 113 dementia caregivers of dementia patients recruited in Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Mental Health Center from September 2020 to January 2021 were selected,and the Barthel Index,Family Caregiver Task Inventory and Zarit Burden Interview were used to capture their responses on dementia patients′self-care ability,caring ability,and caregiver burden.Results The score of self-care ability of dementia patients was(75.19±28.56),and scores of caring ability and care burden of caregivers were 9.00(4.00,15.00)and(33.78±16.53),respectively.The self-care ability of dementia patients was negatively associated with caring ability and care burden of caregivers(r=-0.424,-0.420,both P<0.01),and the caring ability and care burden were positively correlated(r=0.605,P<0.01).The intermediary effect of dementia caregivers'caring ability between patients'self-care ability and caregivers'care burden is significant.The indirect effect was-0.107 and the total effect was-0.187.The indirect effect accounted for 57.22%of the total effect.Conclusions Caring ability of family caregivers mediates the relationship between self-care ability of dementia patients and caregivers'care burden.The caring ability may be used as an intervening target for future studies.