车用凸形板结构的隔声分析

Analysis of Sound Insulation of Vehicle Convex Plate Structures

针对路面车辆的行驶噪声,利用外尔声子晶体表面态具有沿特定方向声传输的特性,通过声振子结构来设计声边界,调整声传输路径,改善车内声环境。首先提出一种新的凸形板单元模型,进而探讨合成维度SH(Shear Horizontal)波输入下的一维声子晶体应用于汽车隔声的理论依据,最终得到不同结构参数下模型色散曲线及色散曲线影响因素,实现声边界效应。通过仿真分析证明,模型存在实现声定向传播和声阻现象的结构参数。通过不同结构参数模型改变声传输路径的方法,为车辆隔声提供一种转移噪声的研究方向。

The problem of noise reduction of road vehicles is studied based on the characteristics of sound transmission in specific directions of phononic crystals.The acoustic vibrator structure is used to construct the sound boundary and adjust the sound transmission path to improve the sound environment inside the vehicles.A new convex plate cell model is proposed.The theoretical principle for applying the one-dimensional phononic crystal to sound insulation under synthetic dimension shear horizontal(SH)wave incidence is detected.Finally,the dispersion curves are obtained for different structural parameters.By studying the dispersion curves,the acoustic boundary effect is realized.The results demonstrate that the model is of the capacity for achieving acoustic directional propagation and acoustic resistance phenomena.The models with different structural parameters are able to change the acoustic transmission path.This work provides a reference for the research of noise transmission and sound insulation of vehicles.