三才—象—礼乐:礼器的形而上学

Three Elements-Xiang-Li Yue Concept:The Metaphysics of Instruments of Li

礼器研究中最容易混淆礼之观念与礼制观念。礼之观念由天、人、地三才世界观包含的知识论及价值论为基础,搭建起以象为特征的可知世界经验与知识形态,其中人道知识是由人类生存经验依赖出发的礼乐精神。礼制观念是人遵循礼乐精神,并以反始为方向、以人道为知识和价值优先的社会制度生成观点。由礼之观念与礼制观念共同形成礼器的形而上学,体现于礼器的制器、用器、赏器、藏器等环节,为中国传统的礼器乃至礼制研究提供更为立体的思路。

The distinctions and connections between “the concept of Li”(ritual, etiquette) and “the concept of Li as a system” are most easily confused in the research of instruments of Li. The concept of Li is based on the theory of knowledge and axiology contained in the world view of the three elements of heaven, man, and earth, which builds up a knowledgeable world experience and knowledge form characterized by Xiang(symbols). And in the second place is the spirit of Li Yue(rites and music) based on the dependence of human survival experience. The concept of Li as a system is that people follow the spirit of Li Yue, and take back to the origin as direction, with the priority of knowledge and value of humanity. The metaphysics of instrument of Li formed by the concept of Li and Li as a system, which is embodied in the process of making, using, appreciating, and collecting instrument of Li, provides a more macroscopic idea for the research on traditional Chinese instruments of Li and even the system of Li.