2018年中国16省18~64岁成年居民膳食能量密度与中心性肥胖的关联性研究

Study on the relationship between dietary energy density and central obesity among adult residents(18-64 years old)in 16 provinces of China in 2018

目的了解中国18~64岁成年居民膳食能量密度与中心性肥胖的关联性,为今后中国人群中心性肥胖的精准防控提供科学依据。方法本研究数据来源于2018年中国健康与营养调查项目。采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样方法,选取18~64岁成年居民9278名作为研究对象。采用连续3 d 24 h膳食回顾法结合家庭食物称重法收集研究对象膳食数据信息并计算其膳食能量密度。应用SAS 9.4统计软件进行χ^(2)检验、趋势性检验、Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验、Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner法两两比较、多因素logistic回归分析。结果男、女性研究对象的能量、碳水化合物的摄入量均随膳食能量密度水平的升高而上升;男、女性最高四分位膳食能量密度组的蛋白质、脂肪的摄入量均显著高于最低四分位膳食能量密度组,而膳食纤维的摄入量低于最低四分位膳食能量密度组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男、女性研究对象食物重量、蔬菜摄入量随膳食能量密度水平的升高而下降;男、女性研究对象食用油的摄入量随膳食能量密度水平的升高而上升;男、女性最高四分位膳食能量密度组的水果、蛋类食物摄入量均低于其他3组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,与最低四分位膳食能量密度组相比,最高四分位膳食能量密度组女性患中心性肥胖的风险较高(OR=1.280,95%CI:1.085~1.510)。结论18~64岁成年女性居民膳食能量密度与中心性肥胖存在显著的关联性,应有针对性地对该年龄段成年女性进行膳食能量密度相关的健康宣讲。

Objective To understand the relationship between dietary energy density and central obesity among adult residents(18-64 years old)in China,and provide the scientific basis for accurate prevention and control of central obesity in Chinese population in the future.Methods The data were from"China Health and Nutrition Survey"in 2018.The stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 9278 adult residents(18-64 years old)as subjects.The dietary data were collected by continuous 3-day 24-hour dietary recall and household weighing method.The dietary energy density was calculated according to the dietary data.Theχ^(2)test,trend test and Kruskal Wallis rank sum test,pairwise comparison of Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner method and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.The used software was SAS9.4.Results The energy and carbohydrate intake of males and females increased with the dietary energy density;the intake of protein and fat in the highest quartile dietary energy density group was significantly higher than that in the lowest quartile dietary energy density group(P<0.05),and the intake of dietary fiber in the highest quartile dietary energy density group was significantly lower than that in the lowest quartile dietary energy density group(P<0.05).The food intake and vegetable intake of male and female subjects decreased with the dietary energy density;the edible oil intake of male and female subjects increased with the dietary energy density;the fruits and egg intake of the highest quartile dietary energy density group for males and females was significantly lower than that of the other three groups(P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that as compared with the lowest quartile dietary energy density group,the females in the highest quartile dietary energy density group had the higher risk of central obesity(OR=1.280,95%CI:1.085-1.510).Conclusion There is a significant correlation between dietary energy density and central obesity among adult female residents(18-64 years old)in China.The targeted health education related to dietary energy density should be given to adult females of this age.