白内障术前角膜散光检查的新进展

Development of approaches to assess corneal astigmatism before cataract surgery

随着人们生活水平的不断提高和生活方式的多样化发展,获得更好的视觉质量已成为现阶段手术治疗白内障的新目标。角膜散光直接影响白内障手术功能性人工晶状体(IOL)种类的选择和患者术后视功能的恢复,角膜散光检查的种类不再局限于单一的散光数值,而是细分成角膜前表面散光、后表面散光、全角膜散光以及高阶角膜散光等,相应的检查设备及技术也有较多更新。临床医生可根据不同设备特点及应用范围,选择适合的检查设备评估术前角膜散光情况,为制定更精准的屈光性白内障手术规划提供参考,对散光型IOL的定位、度数计算以及多焦点类IOL的选择有重要意义。本文将对白内障术前角膜散光检查种类和检查设备新进展进行综述。

With the rapidly improvement of people’s living standard and diversification life style,obtaining better visual quality has become a new goal of cataract surgery.Corneal astigmatism directly affects the selection of functional intraocular lens(IOL)in cataract surgery and the recovery of postoperative visual function.The types of corneal astigmatism are no longer limited to a single astigmatism value,but subdivided into anterior corneal astigmatism,posterior corneal astigmatism,total corneal astigmatism and corneal higher order astigmatism.The corresponding examination equipment and technology are also updated.According to the characteristics and application of different equipment,clinicians can select appropriate examination equipments to evaluate the preoperative corneal astigmatism,so as to provide reference for formulating more accurate refractive cataract surgery planning.It is important for the axis and power calculation of Toric IOL and the selection of multifocal IOL.This paper reviews the recent progress of corneal astigmatism examination before cataract surgery.