试论互联网时代成人学习动机特征

On the Characteristics of Adult Learning Motivation in the Internet Era

真正的学习是从个体拥有学习动机开始的,学习动机是推动人进行学习的直接力量,是激发学习积极性,影响学习效果的关键因素。为了解决网上学习有行为轨迹,有行为数据,而学习者实际上并没有认真学习的问题,有必要研究成人学习者的学习动机。研究发现,成人学习者承担着多种社会角色,个人职业发展是其学习的主导动机,学习目的明确,学习动机较强,学习动机具有实用性、稳定性、多元化、个性化、自主性、文化性、冲突性等特征,个体的价值观、自我效能感、心理素质、学习能力、身体健康及婚姻状况和社会要求、生活环境、教师、学习支持服务等影响学习者的学习动机。部分学习者存在自我效能感不强;上网学习缺乏持续性,自控力、耐挫力不强,难以忍受情感孤独;学习能力不足,学习基础不扎实,不会学习等问题。

Real learning begins with individual learning motivation,which is the direct force to promote learning,the key factor to stimulate learning enthusiasm and affect learning effect.In order to solve the problems that there are behavior tracks and behavior data in the online learning,but learners do not actually study seriously,it is necessary to study the learning motivation of adult learners.It is found that adult learners assume a variety of social roles,and personal career development is the dominant motivation for their learning.Learning motivation has the characteristics of practicability,stability,pluralism,individualization,autonomy,culture and conflict.Individual values,self-efficacy,psychological quality,learning ability,physical health and marital status,social requirements,living environment,teachers and learning support services affect learners’learning motivation.Some learners have problems such as weak self-efficacy,lack of continuity in online learning,weak self-control and frustration tolerance,unbearable emotional loneliness,insufficient learning ability,weak learning foundation and inability to learn.