颈动脉超声评价OSAHS患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度与动脉弹性的价值及影响因素分析

Evaluation of Carotid Intima-media Thickness and Arterial Elasticity by Carotid Ultrasound in Patients with OSAHS and Analysis of Influencing Factors

目的:探究颈动脉超声评价阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度(CIMT)与动脉弹性的价值,并分析影响因素。方法:选取2019年12月至2020年12月湛江市第一中医医院诊治的OSAHS患者38例作为观察组,选取同期招募的无打鼾的健康志愿者38例作为对照组。均通过颈动脉超声检查,记录2组患者的CIMT数值、动脉弹性指标扩张系数(DC)、顺应系数(CC)、硬度系数α(α)与硬度系数β(β)、脉搏波传导速度(PWV)。分析2组CIMT数值与动脉弹性指标的差异性,并采用Logistic回归方程分析相关影响因素。结果:观察组CIMT数值、动脉弹性指标PWV高于对照组(均P<0.05);观察组动脉弹性指标中DC、CC低于对照组(均P<0.05);影响OSAHS患者CIMT与动脉弹性的因素为年龄、总胆固醇(TC)、呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、最低血氧饱和度(LSaO_(2))(均P<0.05)。结论:OSAHS会增加颈动脉血管硬度及内膜中层厚度,而年龄、TC、AHI、LSaO_(2)是影响因素,会增加动脉粥样硬化发病风险。

Objective:To explore the value of carotid ultrasound in evaluating carotid intima media thickness(CIMT)and arterial elasticity in patients with OSAHS,and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods:Thirty-eight patients with OSAHS who were admitted to Zhanjiang First Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled as the observation group.Meanwhile,38 healthy volunteers without snoring were recruited as the control group.Carotid ultrasound examination was performed to record CIMT values,arterial elasticity index distensibility coefficient(DC),compliance coefficient(CC),hardness coefficientα(α)and hardness coefficientβ(β),pulse wave velocity(PWV)of 2 groups.The difference between CIMT values and arterial elasticity indexes was analyzed.Logistic regression equation was used to analyze the influencing factors.Results:CIMT values and arterial elasticity parameters PWV in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(Ps<0.05).The arterial elasticity parameters DC and CC in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(Ps<0.05).The factors affecting CIMT and arterial elasticity in OSAHS patients were age,TC,apnea hypopnea index(AHI)and lowest oxygen saturation(LSaO_(2))(Ps<0.05).Conclusion:OSAHS can increase carotid artery hardness and intima thickness,and age,TC,AHI and LSaO_(2) are the influencing factors,which can increase the risk of atherosclerosis.