精神分裂症患者睡眠认知特征调查及相关影响因素分析

Investigation and Analysis of Sleep Cognitive Characteristics of Schizophrenic Patients

目的:调查精神分裂症患者睡眠认知特征,并分析相关影响因素,为临床防治提供科学依据。方法:选取2020年3月至2021年3月粤北第三人民医院收住院治疗的精神分裂症患者32例作为观察组,选取同期睡眠正常的健康体检者32例作为对照组。通过睡眠功能性失调信念与态度量表(DBAS)与匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表评价睡眠认知与睡眠质量。采用Logistic回归方程分析患者睡眠质量的影响因素。结果:观察组PSQI评分高于对照组,而DBAS评分低于对照组(均P<0.05);影响精神分裂症患者睡眠质量的单因素为年龄、性别、文化程度、体质量指数(BMI)、社会支持及DBAS量表因子(均P<0.05);影响睡眠质量的多因素为年龄≥45岁、男性、文化程度低、中低水平社会支持、DBAS量表因子3与4(均P<0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者相比睡眠正常者对睡眠的错误认知度更高,且年龄≥45岁、男性、文化程度低、中低水平社会支持、错误药物促睡眠方法与睡眠期望对患者睡眠质量的影响较大,临床需重视上述影响因素,并实施针对性干预管理措施,以此改善精神分裂症患者的睡眠质量。

Objective:To investigate the sleep cognitive characteristics of schizophrenia patients and analyze the related influencing factors,so as to provide clinical reference.Methods:A total of 32 schizophrenic patients hospitalized in The Third People′s Hospital of North Guangdong from March 2020 to March 2021 were collected as the observation group,and 32 healthy subjects with normal sleep were collected as the control group during the same period.Sleep cognition and sleep quality were evaluated by sleep Dysfunction Beliefs and Attitudes Scale(DBAS)and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).The influencing factors of sleep quality were analyzed by Logistic regression equation.Results:PSQI score of observation group was higher than that of control group,while DBAS score was lower than that of control group(Ps<0.05).The single factors affecting sleep quality of schizophrenia patients were age,sex,education level,BMI,social support and DBAS scale factors(Ps<0.05).The multiple factors affecting sleep quality were age≥45 years old,gender male,low education level,medium and low level of social support,DBAS factor 3 and 4(Ps<0.05).Conclusion:Schizophrenia patients compared with normal sleepers wrong recognition of the sleep is higher,and the age of 45 years old or more,the low degree of gender,culture,and the low level of social support,false drugs promote sleep methods and expected to have bigger influence on the patients′sleep quality,sleep need to strengthen clinical recognition of the above factors,management and implementation of targeted intervention measures,so as to improve the sleep quality of patients with schizophrenia.