仿生非光滑表面滑靴副水压轴向柱塞泵的摩擦磨损及效率试验研究

Experimental Study on Friction and Wear and Efficiency of Water Hydraulic Axial Piston Pump with Biomimetic Non-Smooth Surface Slipper Pair

以某型号轴向柱塞式水泵为原型,用非光滑表面斜盘置换原有光滑表面斜盘,对试验泵在3种不同压力(7、10及12 MPa)下的流量-压力、容积效率-压力、机械效率-压力等静态特性进行测试,采用激光共焦显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对斜盘磨损表面进行观测。研究结果表明:非光滑表面滑靴副由于凹坑可以产生动压润滑效应并具有容屑能力,可在摩擦过程中实现自润滑,达到了降阻减磨效果;随着工作压力的增大,滑靴在非光滑表面斜盘上半圈高压区域的摩擦痕迹逐渐明显,磨损表面的沟槽变宽变深,黏着磨损和氧化磨损加重,摩擦磨损加剧;非光滑表面滑靴副试验泵的容积效率、机械效率和总效率较光滑表面滑靴副试验泵分别提高了0.2%~0.6%、0.1%~1.7%和0.1%~2.3%。

A certain type water hydraulic axial piston pump was taken as a prototype,and the original smooth surface swash plate was replaced with a biomimetic non-smooth surface one.The flow-pressure,volumetric efficiency-pressure and mechanical efficiency-pressure of the test pump under three different pressures(7,10 and 12 MPa)were tested,and the worn surface of the swash plate was observed using laser confocal microscope and scanning electron microscope.The results show that the slipper pair with non-smooth surface can produce hydrodynamic lubrication effect and have chip holding capacity due to pits.Self-lubrication can be realized during the friction process,achieving the effect of reducing drag and wear.With the increase of working pressure,friction marks in the half-circle high pressure area of the non-smooth surface swash plate are gradually obvious,grooves on the worn surface become wider and deeper,and adhesion wear and oxidation wear are aggravated.That is the friction and wear are aggravated.The volumetric efficiency,mechanical efficiency and total efficiency of the non-smooth surface slipper pair test pump are increased by 0.2%~0.6%,0.1%~1.7%and 0.1%~2.3%respectively,compared with those of the smooth surface slipper pair test pump.