当代生物恐怖威胁状况评估与治理路径

Assessment and Governance Path of Contemporary Bioterrorism Threats

生物安全关乎人民生命健康、经济社会发展、国家长治久安和中华民族永续发展,是总体国家安全观的重要组成部分,是涉及国家和民族生存与发展的大事,也是影响乃至重塑世界格局的重要力量。《生物安全法》是国家安全法律体系的重要组成部分,也是应对生物恐怖威胁最有效的法律武器。评估发现,当前反生物恐怖主义面临的困境与挑战主要是以生物病毒传播、生物武器研制、生物技术滥用为代表的生物恐怖主义风险持续加剧。生物恐怖主义治理路径包括科学构建国家生物安全法律法规体系,树立积极刑法观在生物安全治理中的正当性;深化开展生物恐怖潜在风险调查排查,统筹建立生物安全威胁能力评估体系;着力提升生物安全监测预警能力,健全完善反生物恐怖情报工作机制;全面提高生物恐怖威胁应急处置能力,推动以联合国为主导的生物安全全球治理,推动形成维护生物安全的强大合力。

Biosecurity involves in people’s life and health,economic and social development,the state’s long-term stability and the sustainable development of the Chinese people.It is a crucial component of the overall national security concept,relating to the existence and development of China and Chinese people,which is an important power that will influence and even recast the world.The Biosecurity Law,an important part of the legal system for national security,is the most effective legal weapon to deal with bioterrorist threats.According to the assessment,the current bioterrorist threats and challenges are mainly from the accumulating risks of virus transmission,biological weapons development,biotechnology abuses.The preventive measures for bioterrorism can be realized by the construction of a scientific legal system for national biosecurity to verify the legitimate concept of positive criminal law,the overall survey on potential bioterrorist threats to build a risk assessment system,the upgrade of intelligence working mechanism against the bioterrorism to enhance the monitoring and prewarning capabilities,and the full development of handling capacity in case of emergency to impel the global biosecurity governance under the framework of UN charters and form strong synergy for the aim.